Vertical Distribution of NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, and HNO<sub>3</sub> as Derived from Stratospheric Absorption Infrared Spectra

Jean-Claude Fontanella; André Girard; Louis Gramont; Nicole Louisnard

doi:10.1364/AO.14.000825

Applied Optics
Vol. 14,
Issue 4,
pp. 825-839
(1975)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.14.000825

Vertical Distribution of NO, NO₂, and HNO₃ as Derived from Stratospheric Absorption Infrared Spectra

Jean-Claude Fontanella, André Girard, Louis Gramont, and Nicole Louisnard

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Jean-Claude Fontanella, André Girard, Louis Gramont, and Nicole Louisnard, "Vertical Distribution of NO, NO₂, and HNO₃ as Derived from Stratospheric Absorption Infrared Spectra," Appl. Opt. 14, 825-839 (1975)

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Abstract

This paper is devoted to the results concerning NO, NO₂, and HNO₃ obtained during airborne experiments performed in June–July 1973 on Concorde 001. The altitude of flight was about 16 km. Results concerning NO are, within the accuracy of measurement, in agreement with results of a previous spectrometric balloonborne experiment conducted jointly by IASB and ONERA (14 May 1973). Nitric oxide is concentrated in stratospheric layers clearly above the flight altitude. Integrated amount of NO along the optical path is (4 ± 1.5) × 10¹⁶ mol cm⁻² for a solar elevation varying from +2° above the horizontal plane to −1°. A value of 6 × 10⁸ mol cm⁻³ may be given as an upper limit for the local concentration at the flight altitude. There is no significant difference in the integrated amount observed at sunset and sunrise. Measured value of NO₂ local concentration at 15.5 km is (1.1 ± 0.2) × 10⁹ mol cm⁻³, in sunset conditions. This value is not greatly modified between 15 km and 30 km. Measured value of HNO₃ local concentration at 15.5 km is (1 ± 0.3) × 10¹⁰ mol cm⁻³. This value increases with altitude between 15 km and 20 km. The local concentration is maximum at 20 km. The measured value is (2 ± 1) × 10¹⁰ mol cm⁻³ at 20 km. It seems that local concentration decreases rapidly above 20 km.

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Flight No.	Date	Spectral range (cm⁻¹)	Solar elevation (°)		Species^a
Flight No.	Date	Spectral range (cm⁻¹)	start	end	Species^a
1	June 6th^b	1908–1918	+2.50	−0.50	NO^d
2	July 9th^b	1603–1615	+2.50	−0.50	NO₂^d
3	−11th^b	1323–1336	+3	−0	HNO₃^d
4	−13th^c	1885–1918	−1.50	+1.20	NO^d
5	−17th^b	1603–1609	+7	+3	NO₂^d
6	−18th^b	1323–1336	+6.50	+3	HNO₃^d
7	−20th^b	1364–1330	+3	−0.50	HNO₃, ^dSO₂^e
8	−23th^b	1745–1610	+3.50	0	NO₂, ^dHCHO^e

Spectra Number	Flight Number	Solar Elevation
Fig. 4
1	4	−0.60
2	4	−0.25
3	4	0.92
4	4	1.30
Fig. 5
1	1	2.40
2	1	1.90
3	1	1.80
4	1	1.40
5	1	1.25
6	1	0.75
7	1	0.65
8	1	0.10
9	1	0
10	1	−0.52
11	1	−0.60
12	4	−1.36
13	4	−1.00
14	4	0
15	4	0.46
Fig. 6
1	1	2.33
2	1	1.75
3	1	1.50
4	1	1.10
5	1	0.84
6	1	0.50
7	1	0.25
8	1	−0.10
9	1	−0.33
10	4	−1.25
11	4	−1.10
12	4	0.10
13	4	0.30

Spectra Number	Experiment Number	Solar elevation (°)
1	5	6.20
2	5	5.85
3	5	5.50
4	5	5.15
5	5	4.70
6	5	4.40
7	5	4.00
8	5	3.70
9	5	3.40
10	5	3.10
11	2	2.50
12	2	2.30
13	2	1.60
14	2	1.40
15	2	0.75
16	2	0.60
17	2	0.05
18	2	−0.05
19	2	−0.50

Spectra Number	Experiment Number (Table I)	Solar Elevation (°) Fig. 9(a)	Solar elevation (°) Fig. 9(b)
1	6	5.90	6.10
2	6	5.80	5.63
3	6	4.95	5.10
4	6	4.80	4.67
5	6	4.10	4.25
6	6	3.90	3.80
7	6	3.30	3.47
8	7	2.85	3.03
9	7	1.15	0.95
10	7	0.65	0.85

Flight No.	Date	Spectral range (cm⁻¹)	Solar elevation (°)		Species^a
Flight No.	Date	Spectral range (cm⁻¹)	start	end	Species^a
1	June 6th^b	1908–1918	+2.50	−0.50	NO^d
2	July 9th^b	1603–1615	+2.50	−0.50	NO₂^d
3	−11th^b	1323–1336	+3	−0	HNO₃^d
4	−13th^c	1885–1918	−1.50	+1.20	NO^d
5	−17th^b	1603–1609	+7	+3	NO₂^d
6	−18th^b	1323–1336	+6.50	+3	HNO₃^d
7	−20th^b	1364–1330	+3	−0.50	HNO₃, ^dSO₂^e
8	−23th^b	1745–1610	+3.50	0	NO₂, ^dHCHO^e

Abstract

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Equations (16)

Applied Optics