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All-sky Doppler interferometer for thermospheric dynamics studies

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Abstract

An efficient, all-sky input optical system has been mated to a 100-mm-aperture Fabry–Perot interferometer that employs a cooled (−150 °C) CCD as a photon detector to create an all-sky Doppler interferometer. The instrument is capable of simultaneously measuring Doppler shifts and widths of nightglow emission lines from many different points in the sky, thereby providing determinations of upper-atmosphere neutral wind and temperature fields over a large region (to ≈2000 km in extent). For OI 630-nm (thermosphere) and OH 799.6-nm (mesopause) nightglow emissions, exposure times of 5–15 min provide good-quality interferometric images. The capability of the all-sky Doppler interferometer is illustrated by examples of thermospheric wind and temperature fields measured over Millstone Hill, Massachusetts.

© 1995 Optical Society of America

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