Development and evaluation of the interferometric monitor for greenhouse gases: a high-throughput Fourier-transform infrared radiometer for nadir Earth observation

Hirokazu Kobayashi; Akiro Shimota; Kayoko Kondo; Eisuke Okumura; Yoshihiko Kameda; Haruhisa Shimoda; Toshihiro Ogawa

doi:10.1364/AO.38.006801

Applied Optics
Vol. 38,
Issue 33,
pp. 6801-6807
(1999)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.38.006801

Development and evaluation of the interferometric monitor for greenhouse gases: a high-throughput Fourier-transform infrared radiometer for nadir Earth observation

Hirokazu Kobayashi, Akiro Shimota, Kayoko Kondo, Eisuke Okumura, Yoshihiko Kameda, Haruhisa Shimoda, and Toshihiro Ogawa

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Hirokazu Kobayashi, Akiro Shimota, Kayoko Kondo, Eisuke Okumura, Yoshihiko Kameda, Haruhisa Shimoda, and Toshihiro Ogawa, "Development and evaluation of the interferometric monitor for greenhouse gases: a high-throughput Fourier-transform infrared radiometer for nadir Earth observation," Appl. Opt. 38, 6801-6807 (1999)

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Abstract

The interferometric monitor for greenhouse gases (IMG) was the precursor of the high-resolution Fourier-transform infrared radiometer (FTIR) onboard a satellite for observation of the Earth. The IMG endured the stress of a rocket launch, demonstrating that the high-resolution, high-throughput spectrometer is indeed feasible for use onboard a satellite. The IMG adopted a newly developed lubricant-free magnetic suspension mechanism and a dynamic alignment system for the moving mirror with a maximum traveling distance of 10 cm. We present the instrumentation of the IMG, characteristics of the movable mirror drive system, and the evaluation results of sensor specifications during space operation.

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Band 1	2325–3030 cm^-1 (3.3–4.3 µm)
Band 2	2000–2500 cm^-1 (4.0–5.0 µm)
Band 3	714–2000 cm^-1 (5.0–14 µm)
Number of samplings
Band 1	1.6 × 10⁵
Bands 2 and 3	1.0 × 10⁵
Data rateb	882 kbps
Power consumption	149 W
Weightc	129.7 kg
Dimensions	1150 × 930 × 650 mm

Parameter	Wave Number (cm^-1)	Band 1			Band 2				Band 3
Parameter	Wave Number (cm^-1)	3000	2600	2400	2400	2300	2200	2000	2000	1500	1000	800	750
Nominal	—	2.65	0.35	0.18	0.55	0.44	0.41	0.26	0.41	0.38	0.31	0.37	0.33
X and Y offset (deg)	-0.000375	2.56	0.86	0.25	1.18	1.00	0.70	0.23	0.65	0.68	0.31	0.39	0.34
X and Y offset (deg)	-0.0003	3.27	1.59	0.36	1.69	1.52	0.99	0.39	0.84	1.11	0.43	0.35	0.31
Other	—	2.67	0.62	0.35	0.70	0.63	0.45	0.28	0.52	0.47	0.24	0.26	0.25

Band	Wavelgnth (µm)	Initial Scientific Request	Designed Specification	Protoflight Test	Results in Orbit
Band	Wavelgnth (µm)	Initial Scientific Request	Designed Specification	Room/Temperature Condition	Initial Check-Out Period	Offset Angle -0.000375 degb
3	14	<0.03	<0.035	0.032	0.027	0.031
	10	<0.02	<0.025	0.023	0.020	0.021
	8	<0.03	<0.03	0.023	0.021	0.012
	7	<0.02	<0.03	0.028	0.025	0.027
2	4.7	<0.04	<0.004	0.002	0.002	0.002
	4.5	<0.001	<0.0025	0.002	0.002	0.002
1	4.3	<0.00013	<0.002	0.0012	0.002	0.002
	3.3	<0.0002	not defined	0.0016	0.003	0.004

Parameter (cm^-1)	Band 2			Band 3
Wave number	2000	2100	2200	700	1000	1500	1800
Resolution calculated analytically	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.14	0.21	0.25
Resolution estimated by fascode	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.12	0.16	0.18	0.21

Band 1	2325–3030 cm^-1 (3.3–4.3 µm)
Band 2	2000–2500 cm^-1 (4.0–5.0 µm)
Band 3	714–2000 cm^-1 (5.0–14 µm)
Number of samplings
Band 1	1.6 × 10⁵
Bands 2 and 3	1.0 × 10⁵
Data rateb	882 kbps
Power consumption	149 W
Weightc	129.7 kg
Dimensions	1150 × 930 × 650 mm

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Applied Optics