Abstract

Raman spectrometry has historically been limited to the study of pure, nonfluorescent samples. During the period 1966-1986, several workers demonstrated that the use of deep-red or near-infrared (NIR) lasers would allow the observation of Raman spectra without exciting fluorescence. The ability to obtain Raman spectra in the deep red or NIR could not be generally realized in reasonable measurement times, primarily because of the insensitivity of the available detectors (photomultiplier tubes or diode arrays). In addition, the krypton or solid-state ion-pumped lasers required for these measurements were very expensive.

Interferometric Raman spectrometry with fiber waveguides

Harold I. Heaton
Appl. Opt. 36(27) 6739-6750 (1997)

Fiber Raman background study and its application in setting up optical fiber Raman probes

Jiaying May and Ying-Sing Li
Appl. Opt. 35(15) 2527-2533 (1996)

Optical Fiber Probe for Biomedical Raman Spectroscopy

Jason T. Motz, Martin Hunter, Luis H. Galindo, Joseph A. Gardecki, John R. Kramer, Ramachandra R. Dasari, and Michael S. Feld
Appl. Opt. 43(3) 542-554 (2004)

Optical emission spectrometry and laser-induced fluorescence of laser produced sample plumes

Kay Niemax and Wolfgang Sdorra
Appl. Opt. 29(33) 5000-5006 (1990)

Chemical concentration measurement in blood serum and urine samples using liquid-core optical fiber Raman spectroscopy

Dahu Qi and Andrew J. Berger
Appl. Opt. 46(10) 1726-1734 (2007)