Some Comparisons among Spectral Sensitivity Data Obtained in Different Retinal Locations and with Two Sizes of Foveal Stimulus*

Harry G. Sperling; Yun Hsia

doi:10.1364/JOSA.47.000707

Journal of the Optical Society of America
Vol. 47,
Issue 8,
pp. 707-713
(1957)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.47.000707

Some Comparisons among Spectral Sensitivity Data Obtained in Different Retinal Locations and with Two Sizes of Foveal Stimulus

Harry G. Sperling and Yun Hsia

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Harry G. Sperling and Yun Hsia, "Some Comparisons among Spectral Sensitivity Data Obtained in Different Retinal Locations and with Two Sizes of Foveal Stimulus*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 47, 707-713 (1957)

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Abstract

Relative cone sensitivity measurements were made from 420 mμ to 700 mμ in the spectrum using 42 minute and 3 minute diameter test-light fields in the fovea and a 42 minute diameter field at 10° in the periphery. The data were analyzed with reference to (a) the suggestion that the humps found in the blue region of the spectrum result from the absorption of macular pigment, (b) changes in the over-all shape of the sensitivity function, and (c) the number of humps in the sensitivity function. Two humps were found below 500 mμ in the fovea, one in the orange, and possibly two or three between 500 mμ and 580 mμ. Consideration of the possible origin of the humps favored the conclusion that the humps in the blue region of the spectrum were contributed to by cone activity, since measurements at 10° in the periphery, where there is no pigment, produced an exaggerated hump in the blue below 470 mμ which could only be ascribed to cone activity. Systematic changes in the shape of the functions indicated little change in the long wavelength portion of the curves over the three stimulus conditions, but sizable changes in the relative sensitivity to the short wavelengths. The 10° periphery is increasingly more sensitive than the fovea as wavelengths become shorter than 520 mμ, while the 42′ foveal area is appreciably more sensitive than the 3′ area to blue wavelengths.

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	Central fixation							10° from central fixation
Wavelength mμ	3′ diam			42′ diam				42′ diam
Wavelength mμ	YH	DB	PS	HS	YH	DB	PS	HS	YH	DB
420	⋯	⋯	⋯	1.87	⋯	2.17	2.10	⋯	⋯	2.54
30	2.59	2.53	2.70	1.33	2.27	1.98	1.90	2.23	2.62	2.14
40	2.37	2.22	2.39	1.28	2.15	1.81	1.72	1.96	2.23	2.10
50	2.38	2.13	2.23	1.08	2.00	1.78	1.72	1.55	1.93	1.84
60	2.08	1.76	2.12	1.06	1.92	1.52	1.53	1.66	1.64	1.97
70	1.80	1.53	1.92	0.83	1.55	1.50	⋯	1.99	2.01	2.06
80	1.51	1.38	1.62	0.63	1.39	1.40	1.23	1.28	1.60	1.72
90	1.30	1.33	1.57	0.58	1.23	1.20	⋯	1.21	1.46	⋯
500	1.06	1.00	1.18	0.56	0.98	0.79	0.79	1.12	1.40	1.39
10	0.82	0.68	0.90	0.44	0.72	0.69	0.57	1.11	1.39	1.33
20	0.68	0.52	0.73	0.39	0.62	0.53	0.38	1.05	1.28	1.38
30	0.60	0.80	0.65	0.48	0.50	0.59	0.43	1.25	1.36	1.52
40	0.64	0.49	0.64	0.30	0.40	0.39	0.28	1.02	1.24	⋯
50	0.70	0.54	0.48	0.44	0.48	0.30	0.36	0.99	1.02	1.40
60	0.64	⋯	0.60	0.35	0.42	0.75	0.38	1.02	1.11	1.52
70	0.64	⋯	0.63	0.41	0.50	0.41	0.48	1.24	1.25	1.59
80	0.73	0.58	0.79	0.44	0.64	0.62	0.51	1.54	1.22	1.71
90	0.77	0.73	0.78	0.50	0.69	0.76	0.54	1.16	1.35	1.74
600	0.88	0.72	0.90	0.74	0.56	0.50	0.59	1.22	1.27	1.61
10	1.01	0.74	0.93	0.60	0.65	0.53	0.61	1.28	1.42	2.10
20	0.98	0.84	1.00	0.68	0.70	0.66	0.77	1.56	1.56	2.20
30	1.15	1.02	1.31	0.78	0.88	0.81	0.99	1.57	1.87	2.38
40	1.41	1.28	1.37	1.35	1.03	1.06	1.18	1.84	2.02	⋯
50	1.61	⋯	⋯	1.27	1.22	⋯	1.34	⋯	2.32	2.84
60	1.83	1.64	1.88	1.86	1.43	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯
70	2.27	⋯	⋯	1.83	1.84	⋯	1.97	2.84	2.75	3.70
80	2.49	⋯	⋯	2.16	2.10	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯
90	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯
700	3.16	3.31	3.22	2.90	2.80	⋯	2.97	3.71	3.80	4.15

Wavelength mμ	Central fixation		10° fixation
Wavelength mμ	3′ diam	42′ diam	42′ diam
420	⋯	2.13	⋯
30	2.61	1.87	2.33
40	2.33	1.74	2.10
50	2.24	1.64	1.77
60	1.99	1.51	1.76
70	1.75	1.30^a	2.02
80	1.50	1.16	1.53
90	1.40	1.00^a	1.41^a
500	1.08	0.78	1.30
10	0.80^a	0.60	1.28
20	0.64	0.48	1.23
30	0.68	0.50	1.38
40	0.59	0.34	1.23^a
50	0.57	0.40	1.14
60	0.58^a	0.48	1.22
70	0.60^a	0.45	1.36
80	0.70	0.55	1.49
90	0.76	0.62	1.42
600	0.83	0.60	1.37
10	0.89	0.60	1.60
20	0.94	0.71	1.77
30	1.12	0.86	1.94
40	1.35	1.16	2.14^a
50	⋯	⋯	⋯
60	1.78	⋯	⋯
70	⋯	⋯	3.10
80	⋯	⋯	⋯
90	⋯	⋯	⋯
700	3.23	⋯	3.89

	Central fixation							10° from central fixation
Wavelength mμ	3′ diam			42′ diam				42′ diam
Wavelength mμ	YH	DB	PS	HS	YH	DB	PS	HS	YH	DB
420	⋯	⋯	⋯	1.87	⋯	2.17	2.10	⋯	⋯	2.54
30	2.59	2.53	2.70	1.33	2.27	1.98	1.90	2.23	2.62	2.14
40	2.37	2.22	2.39	1.28	2.15	1.81	1.72	1.96	2.23	2.10
50	2.38	2.13	2.23	1.08	2.00	1.78	1.72	1.55	1.93	1.84
60	2.08	1.76	2.12	1.06	1.92	1.52	1.53	1.66	1.64	1.97
70	1.80	1.53	1.92	0.83	1.55	1.50	⋯	1.99	2.01	2.06
80	1.51	1.38	1.62	0.63	1.39	1.40	1.23	1.28	1.60	1.72
90	1.30	1.33	1.57	0.58	1.23	1.20	⋯	1.21	1.46	⋯
500	1.06	1.00	1.18	0.56	0.98	0.79	0.79	1.12	1.40	1.39
10	0.82	0.68	0.90	0.44	0.72	0.69	0.57	1.11	1.39	1.33
20	0.68	0.52	0.73	0.39	0.62	0.53	0.38	1.05	1.28	1.38
30	0.60	0.80	0.65	0.48	0.50	0.59	0.43	1.25	1.36	1.52
40	0.64	0.49	0.64	0.30	0.40	0.39	0.28	1.02	1.24	⋯
50	0.70	0.54	0.48	0.44	0.48	0.30	0.36	0.99	1.02	1.40
60	0.64	⋯	0.60	0.35	0.42	0.75	0.38	1.02	1.11	1.52
70	0.64	⋯	0.63	0.41	0.50	0.41	0.48	1.24	1.25	1.59
80	0.73	0.58	0.79	0.44	0.64	0.62	0.51	1.54	1.22	1.71
90	0.77	0.73	0.78	0.50	0.69	0.76	0.54	1.16	1.35	1.74
600	0.88	0.72	0.90	0.74	0.56	0.50	0.59	1.22	1.27	1.61
10	1.01	0.74	0.93	0.60	0.65	0.53	0.61	1.28	1.42	2.10
20	0.98	0.84	1.00	0.68	0.70	0.66	0.77	1.56	1.56	2.20
30	1.15	1.02	1.31	0.78	0.88	0.81	0.99	1.57	1.87	2.38
40	1.41	1.28	1.37	1.35	1.03	1.06	1.18	1.84	2.02	⋯
50	1.61	⋯	⋯	1.27	1.22	⋯	1.34	⋯	2.32	2.84
60	1.83	1.64	1.88	1.86	1.43	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯
70	2.27	⋯	⋯	1.83	1.84	⋯	1.97	2.84	2.75	3.70
80	2.49	⋯	⋯	2.16	2.10	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯
90	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯
700	3.16	3.31	3.22	2.90	2.80	⋯	2.97	3.71	3.80	4.15

Wavelength mμ	Central fixation		10° fixation
Wavelength mμ	3′ diam	42′ diam	42′ diam
420	⋯	2.13	⋯
30	2.61	1.87	2.33
40	2.33	1.74	2.10
50	2.24	1.64	1.77
60	1.99	1.51	1.76
70	1.75	1.30^a	2.02
80	1.50	1.16	1.53
90	1.40	1.00^a	1.41^a
500	1.08	0.78	1.30
10	0.80^a	0.60	1.28
20	0.64	0.48	1.23
30	0.68	0.50	1.38
40	0.59	0.34	1.23^a
50	0.57	0.40	1.14
60	0.58^a	0.48	1.22
70	0.60^a	0.45	1.36
80	0.70	0.55	1.49
90	0.76	0.62	1.42
600	0.83	0.60	1.37
10	0.89	0.60	1.60
20	0.94	0.71	1.77
30	1.12	0.86	1.94
40	1.35	1.16	2.14^a
50	⋯	⋯	⋯
60	1.78	⋯	⋯
70	⋯	⋯	3.10
80	⋯	⋯	⋯
90	⋯	⋯	⋯
700	3.23	⋯	3.89

Abstract

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Equations (1)

Journal of the Optical Society of America