Fluorescence dynamics, excited-state absorption, and stimulated emission of Er3+ in KY(WO4)2

N. V. Kuleshov; A. A. Lagatsky; A. V. Podlipensky; V. P. Mikhailov; A. A. Kornienko; E. B. Dunina; S. Hartung; G. Huber

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.15.001205

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 15,
Issue 3,
pp. 1205-1212
(1998)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.15.001205

Fluorescence dynamics, excited-state absorption, and stimulated emission of Er³⁺ in KY(WO₄)₂

N. V. Kuleshov, A. A. Lagatsky, A. V. Podlipensky, V. P. Mikhailov, A. A. Kornienko, E. B. Dunina, S. Hartung, and G. Huber

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N. V. Kuleshov, A. A. Lagatsky, A. V. Podlipensky, V. P. Mikhailov, A. A. Kornienko, E. B. Dunina, S. Hartung, and G. Huber, "Fluorescence dynamics, excited-state absorption, and stimulated emission of Er³⁺ in KY(WO₄)₂," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 15, 1205-1212 (1998)

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Abstract

The fluorescence dynamics from excited states of ${Er}^{3 +}$ in $KY ({WO}_{4})_{2}$ are compared with Judd–Ofelt-theory calculations, and spectroscopic parameters of the promising laser transitions from the $^{4} I_{13 / 2},$ $^{4} I_{11 / 2},$ and $^{4} S_{3 / 2}$ levels are determined. The cw excited-state absorption spectra of ${Er}^{3 +}$ -doped $KY ({WO}_{4})_{2}$ are measured with a pump-and-probe technique and analyzed in the spectral range from 500 nm to 1800 nm. Energy transfer between ${Yb}^{3 +}$ and ${Er}^{3 +}$ ions in codoped $KY ({WO}_{4})_{2}$ is investigated. Laser action near 1.54 μm under Ti:sapphire and diode-laser pumping is obtained in $Er, Yb : KY ({WO}_{4})_{2} .$

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Transition	λ (nm)	Constant	Measured Time (μs) for Different Er Concentrations
Transition	λ (nm)	Constant	0.5%	2%	30%	100%
$^{4} S_{3 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	553	$τ_{D}$	22	20	2.2	0.44
$^{4} F_{9 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	660	$τ_{r}$	2	2	–	–
		$τ_{D}$	22.5	20	–	–
$^{4} I_{9 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	863	$τ_{r}$	1.0	0.8	0.15	–
		$τ_{r}$	22	20	2.3	–
$^{4} I_{11 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	985	$τ_{r}$	20	18	nonexp.	nonexp.
		$τ_{D}$	120	120
$^{4} I_{13 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	1537	$τ_{r}$	110	110	nonexp.	nonexp.
		$τ_{D}$	$4.6 \times 10^{3}$	$5.5 \times 10^{3}$

Transition	Energy $({cm}^{- 1})$	$F_{exp} (10^{- 6})$	$F_{calc} (10^{- 6})$
$^{4} I_{13 / 2}$	6520	1.9	1.628
$^{4} I_{11 / 2}$	10200	0.8	0.824
$^{4} I_{9 / 2}$	12.450	0.530	0.689
$^{4} F_{9 / 2}$	15290	2.790	3.511
$^{4} S_{3 / 2}$	18420	0.490	0.533
$^{2} H_{11 / 2}$	19190	14.700	15.835
$^{4} F_{7 / 2}$	20450	1.970	2.676
$^{4} F_{5 / 2}$	22170	1.400	0.672
$^{4} F_{3 / 2}$	22170	–	0.383
$^{2} H_{9 / 2}$	24630	0.920	0.900
$^{4} G_{11 / 2}$	26450	28.690	28.074
$^{2} G_{9 / 2}$	27320	5.210	2.515
$^{2} K_{15 / 2}$	27320	–	0.891
$^{2} G_{7 / 2}$	27320	–	0.580
$Ω_{2} (10^{- 20} {cm}^{2})$			7.079
$Ω_{4} (10^{- 20} {cm}^{2})$			2.300
$Ω_{6} (10^{- 20} {cm}^{2})$			1.001

Transition	$τ_{R}$ (ms)	$β_{{jj}^{'}}$
$^{4} I_{13 / 2} \to^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	4.74	1.0
$^{4} I_{11 / 12} \to^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	2.89	0.88
$\to^{4} I_{13 / 2}$		0.12
$^{4} I_{9 / 2} \to^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	1.83	0.832
$\to^{4} I_{13 / 2}$		0.164
$\to^{4} I_{11 / 2}$		0.004
$^{4} F_{9 / 2} \to^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	0.264	0.911
$\to^{4} I_{13 / 2}$		0.050
$\to^{4} I_{11 / 2}$		0.036
$\to^{4} I_{9 / 2}$		0.003
$^{4} S_{3 / 2} \to^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	0.333	0.675
$\to^{4} I_{13 / 2}$		0.277
$\to^{4} I_{11 / 2}$		0.022
$\to^{4} I_{9 / 2}$		0.0436
$\to^{4} F_{9 / 2}$		0.0004

Transition	λ (nm)	Constant	Measured Time (μs) for Different Er Concentrations
Transition	λ (nm)	Constant	0.5%	2%	30%	100%
$^{4} S_{3 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	553	$τ_{D}$	22	20	2.2	0.44
$^{4} F_{9 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	660	$τ_{r}$	2	2	–	–
		$τ_{D}$	22.5	20	–	–
$^{4} I_{9 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	863	$τ_{r}$	1.0	0.8	0.15	–
		$τ_{r}$	22	20	2.3	–
$^{4} I_{11 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	985	$τ_{r}$	20	18	nonexp.	nonexp.
		$τ_{D}$	120	120
$^{4} I_{13 / 2} -^{4} I_{15 / 2}$	1537	$τ_{r}$	110	110	nonexp.	nonexp.
		$τ_{D}$	$4.6 \times 10^{3}$	$5.5 \times 10^{3}$

Transition	Energy $({cm}^{- 1})$	$F_{exp} (10^{- 6})$	$F_{calc} (10^{- 6})$
$^{4} I_{13 / 2}$	6520	1.9	1.628
$^{4} I_{11 / 2}$	10200	0.8	0.824
$^{4} I_{9 / 2}$	12.450	0.530	0.689
$^{4} F_{9 / 2}$	15290	2.790	3.511
$^{4} S_{3 / 2}$	18420	0.490	0.533
$^{2} H_{11 / 2}$	19190	14.700	15.835
$^{4} F_{7 / 2}$	20450	1.970	2.676
$^{4} F_{5 / 2}$	22170	1.400	0.672
$^{4} F_{3 / 2}$	22170	–	0.383
$^{2} H_{9 / 2}$	24630	0.920	0.900
$^{4} G_{11 / 2}$	26450	28.690	28.074
$^{2} G_{9 / 2}$	27320	5.210	2.515
$^{2} K_{15 / 2}$	27320	–	0.891
$^{2} G_{7 / 2}$	27320	–	0.580
$Ω_{2} (10^{- 20} {cm}^{2})$			7.079
$Ω_{4} (10^{- 20} {cm}^{2})$			2.300
$Ω_{6} (10^{- 20} {cm}^{2})$			1.001

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B