Abstract

An e-beam lithographic technique is described that produces multiple discrete phase levels as a surface-relief structure directly in positive e-beam resist. Processing techniques are presented for two positive e-beam resists: EBR-9 and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). This fabrication technology is experimentally applied to produce sawtooth (blazed) gratings and multiphase-level numeric-type computer-generated holograms (i.e., kinoforms).

© 1993 Optical Society of America

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