Abstract
Domain engineering in LiNbO3 has been studied intensively for various applications such as quasi-phase matched optical parametric oscillators [1], piezoelectric devices [2], and electro-optic Bragg gratings [3]. Recently, sub-micron domain engineering in waveguides has drawn much attention because of the possibility of implementing it in backward-wave parametric generation devices and in tunable Bragg grating structures [4]. To date, electric field poling is the most popular technique to produce periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN). On the other hand, a direct-write electron beam poling technique appears as a promising alternative method since it does not include lithography and has a very high resolution (5nm) [5].
© 2003 Optical Society of America
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