Abstract
We investigate the performance and design of free-space optical (FSO) communication links over slow fading
channels from an information theory perspective. A statistical model for the optical intensity fluctuation at the
receiver due to the combined effects of atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors is derived. Unlike earlier work,
our model considers the effect of beam width, detector size, and jitter variance explicitly. Expressions for the
outage probability are derived for a variety of atmospheric conditions. For given weather and misalignment
conditions, the beam width is optimized to maximize the channel capacity subject to outage. Large gains in
achievable rate are realized versus using a nominal beam width. In light fog, by optimizing the beam width, the
achievable rate is increased by 80% over the nominal beam width at an outage probability of
10<sup>-5</sup>. Well-known error control codes are then applied to the
channel and shown to realize much of the achievable gains.
© 2007 IEEE
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