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Improved in vivo photoacoustic microscopy based on a virtual-detector concept

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Abstract

Recently an in vivo high-resolution backward-mode photoacoustic microscope was developed that shows potential for applications in dermatology and related cancer research. However, the limited depth of focus of the large-numerical-aperture (NA) ultrasonic lens employed in this system causes the image quality to deteriorate significantly in the out-of-focus region. To solve this problem, we devised and explored, for the first time to our knowledge, a virtual-detector-based synthetic-aperture focusing technique, combined with coherence weighting, for photoacoustic microscopy with such a large-NA transducer. Images of phantoms show that the proposed technique improves the 6dB lateral resolution from 49379to4653μm and increases the signal-to-noise ratio by up to 29dB, depending on the distance from the ultrasonic focal point. In vivo experiments show that the technique also provides a clearer representation of the vascular distribution in the rat’s scalp.

© 2006 Optical Society of America

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