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Optica Publishing Group
  • Optical Fiber Communications Conference
  • OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 2002),
  • paper ThGG34

Repetition rate multiplication of optical pulses using fiber Bragg gratings

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Abstract

The generation of optical pulses with repetition rates higher than tens of GHz is of great interest to applications such as large-capacity optical communication systems. However, the repetition rate of pulses generated from mode-locked lasers is limited to the operational frequencies of the optical modulators, therefore, development of an all-optical method of pulse repetition rate multiplication is important. Recently, the temporal fractional Talbot effect in optical fibers was successfully used to accomplish this goal,1,2 where the repetition rate multiplication resulted from changes in the pulse shape due to fiber dispersion. Rate multiplication using a chirped fiber Bragg grating based on the same effect has also been proposed3 and realized.4 This method appears promising due to its simplicity and the possibility of acheiving high repetition rates. However, it must be mentioned that when using this method for rate multiplication by M, each of the M pulses has, in the general case, its own phase, one that is different from the phase of the original pulses. This means that the repetition rate multiplication is not true in the sense that the spectrum of the pulses consists of the same spectral components as prior to the multiplication. Yet in many applications (one will be demonstrated here), it is important that the phases of the pulses be identical. True multiplication can be performed using methods of frequency selection using a free-space5 or fiber6 Fabry-Perot interferometer or sampled fiber Bragg gratings.7 However in these methods the individual passbands for selection of necessary modes must be very narrow, which requires careful adjustment between the spectral structures of the filter and of the optical pulses and correspondingly requires stability of the system. Aside from this, writing sampled fiber Bragg grating requires high precision for positioning of 1 nm.8 In this paper, a simple method for repetition rate multiplication of optical pulses using a number of fiber Bragg gratings is demonstrated, where the required positioning accuracy in the grating formation was only 1 µm. The lack of narrow passbands in the proposed method, provides stability for the multiplied pulses. We propose a simple method of control for each of the gratings in the writing process. We also demonstrate the use of true repetition rate multiplication for compensation of fiber dispersion.

© 2002 Optical Society of America

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