Deformation measurements by digital image correlation with automatic merging of data distributed in time

Marcin Malesa; Malgorzata Kujawinska

doi:10.1364/AO.52.004681

Applied Optics
Vol. 52,
Issue 19,
pp. 4681-4692
(2013)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.52.004681

Deformation measurements by digital image correlation with automatic merging of data distributed in time

Marcin Malesa and Malgorzata Kujawinska

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Marcin Malesa and Malgorzata Kujawinska, "Deformation measurements by digital image correlation with automatic merging of data distributed in time," Appl. Opt. 52, 4681-4692 (2013)

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Abstract

This paper presents a method to analyze 3D displacement data captured by digital image correlation (DIC) method over a long period of time. It allows monitoring of an object when a 3D DIC setup is not fixed in the same position between a consecutive series of measurements. An implementation of the data merging procedure is described and a proof of concept is provided using example measurements for both a numerical model and a real experiment in laboratory conditions. We evaluated the accuracy and discuss the main sources of errors. The obtained results prove the method is feasible for in situ long-term measurements and monitoring in industry and civil engineering.

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	Camera 1					Camera 2
Series id	$β$ [°]	$x$ [mm]	$y$ [mm]	$z$ [mm]	$f$ [mm]	$β^{'}$ [°]	$x^{'}$ [mm]	$y^{'}$ [mm]	$z^{'}$ [mm]	$f^{'}$ [mm]
0	$- 15$	$- 70$	0	200	28	15	70	0	200	28
2	$- 16$	$- 75$	2	200	28	16	75	2	200	28
3	$- 16.5$	$- 74$	4	200	28	15.5	78	3	200	28
4	$- 18$	$- 74$	$- 2$	202	28	11.5	77	$- 2$	201	28
5	$- 13$	$- 72$	$- 3$	204	28	13.5	74	$- 2$	203	28
6	$- 12$	$- 71$	$- 4$	207	28	17	78	$- 1$	199	28

Load State id	Shift/Deformation
0	—
1	In plane deformation—width decreased to 140 mm
2	0.2 mm shift in “ $z$ ” axis
3	0.4 mm shift in “ $z$ ” axis
4	0.6 mm shift in “ $z$ ” axis
5	0.8 mm shift in “ $z$ ” axis
6	1 mm shift in “ $z$ ” axis
7	deformation in points P1 and P2: 0.05 mm out-of-plane displacement
8	deformation in points P1 and P2: 0.1 mm out-of-plane displacement
9	deformation in points P1 and P2: 0.2 mm out-of-plane displacement
10	deformation in points P1 and P2: 0.5 mm out-of-plane displacement
11	deformation in points P1 and P2: 1 mm out-of-plane displacement

	Point A1		Point A2		Point A3
File No.	$U$ [mm]	$W$ [mm]	$U$ [mm]	$W$ [mm]	$U$ [mm]	$W$ [mm]
0	0.00	$- 0.01$	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
1	1.16	$- 0.02$	$- 0.27$	0.00	$- 1.13$	$- 0.01$
2	0.00	0.06	0.00	0.20	0.00	0.05
3	0.00	0.13	0.00	0.40	0.00	0.11
4	0.00	0.13	0.00	0.59	0.00	0.25
5	0.00	0.18	0.00	0.79	0.00	0.33
6	0.00	0.23	0.00	0.99	0.00	0.42
7	0.00	$- 0.01$	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
8	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.04
9	0.00	0.08	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.11
10	0.00	0.28	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.33
11	0.00	0.71	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.69

	3D DIC Analysis Errors
	A1			A2			A3			Merging Procedure Errors
	$δ U$ [mm]	$δ V$ [mm]	$δ W$ [mm]	$δ U$ [mm]	$δ V$ [mm]	$δ W$ [mm]	$δ U$ [mm]	$δ V$ [mm]	$δ W$ [mm]	$T_{3 D}$ error [px]	$P_{1}$ error [px]	$P_{2}$ error [px]
Load state 1	0.0090	0.0021	0.0017	0.0101	0.0009	0.0004	0.0057	0.0008	0.0007	0.0067	0.04	0.035
Load state 6	0.0005	0.0022	0.0018	0.0019	0.0011	0.0031	0.0026	0.0011	0.0069
Load state 11	0.0002	0.0021	0.0025	0.0001	0.0009	0.0007	0.0026	0.0001	0.0062

			3D DIC Calibration Data (Rotations)			Merging Procedure Errors			3D DIC Analysis Errors
Series Name	Load State	3D DIC Conf.	$α$ [°]	$β$ [°]	$γ$ [°]	$T_{3 D}$ error [px]	$P_{1}$ error [px]	$P_{2}$ error [px]	RMS_ $δ U$ [mm]	RMS_ $δ V$ [mm]	RMS_ $δ W$ [mm]
Linear tension	6 kN	conf. 4	$- 0.81$	$- 3$ 9.14	0.74	0.019	0.110	0.100	0.026	0.020	0.091
Pushing-out	No. 2	conf. 4	$- 0.56$	$- 38.59$	0.13	0.034	0.190	0.150	0.010	0.003	0.041
	No. 3	conf. 4	$- 0.09$	$- 38.14$	$- 0.18$	0.016	0.087	0.092	0.027	0.009	0.044
lT and tilted CA	6 kN	conf. 4	$- 1.24$	$- 38.52$	2.43	0.013	0.074	0.085	0.016	0.018	0.095

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Applied Optics