Abstract
We propose a methodology for a systematic design of grating couplers for efficient excitation of surface plasmons at metal–dielectric interfaces. The methodology is based on a two-dimensional topology optimization formulation based on the H-polarized scalar Helmholtz equation and finite-element method simulations. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated by optimized designs for input and output grating couplers for an interface. The results indicate that slanted grove gratings may raise the coupling efficiency above 68% where the highest previously reported value was 50%.
© 2010 Optical Society of America
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