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Absolute frequency stabilization of an extended-cavity diode laser by means of noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy

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Abstract

We implemented an optical frequency standard based on noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy (NICE-OHMS) at 1.39 μm. The emission frequency of an extended-cavity diode laser was actively stabilized against the center of the 44,144,0 transition of the H2O18 ν1+ν3 band, under optical saturation conditions. The nonlinear regime of laser-gas interaction was reached by using an optical cavity with a finesse of about 8700. By filling it with an O18-enriched water sample at a pressure of a few Pa, the Lamb dip could be observed with a full width at half-maximum of about 2 MHz. Absolute frequency stabilization was obtained by locking the cavity resonance to the center of the sub-Doppler signal, which was provided by the NICE-OHMS technique under the dispersion regime of operation. An Allan deviation analysis demonstrated a relative frequency stability of 5×1013 for an integration time of 1 s. For longer integration times, the flicker frequency noise floor set the stability at the level of 4×1014.

© 2014 Optical Society of America

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