Abstract
Conditions for reducing the reflectance of a dielectric–conductor interface for p- and s-polarized light to a minimum at any angle of incidence ϕ are determined. The refractive indices of a transparent immersion medium (liquid) that achieve minimum reflectance at normal incidence, , and at are independent of polarization. These indices provide sufficient data to determine the real and imaginary parts of the complex refractive index of an absorbing substrate. Reflection at a dielectric–Au interface at wavelength is considered as an example. It is shown that the lowest possible reflectance is attained for p-polarized light at and that the associated p-reflection phase shift is also minimum at that angle. For the lowest reflectance of p-polarized light occurs when the ambient is vacuum or air. However, this lowest reflectance at the air–Au interface is not a true minimum in a mathematical sense.
© 2008 Optical Society of America
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