Abstract

We observed intense green upconversion emission from ${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}$ centered at $546\mathrm{nm}$ due to transition ${}^5{\mathrm{D}}_4\to {}^7{\mathrm{F}}_5$ in ${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}/{\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}$ codoped alumino-germano-silicate optical fibers by direct excitation of ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}$ ions with a laser diode at $976\mathrm{nm}$. A two-photon cooperative energy transfer upconversion among a pair of ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}$ donor ions and a ${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}$ acceptor ion are responsible for the observed green emission. Appropriately increasing the concentration of ${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}$ relative to ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}$ was found to facilitate the energy transfer upconversion process from ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}$ to ${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}$, while an excess of ${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}$ ions inversely introduced more of the concentration quenching effect and phonon-assistant backward energy transfer from ${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}$ to ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}$ and, therefore, damaged the observed green emission. The intensity of the observed green emission was found optimum for a concentration ratio of ${\mathrm{Tb}}^{3+}$ to ${\mathrm{Yb}}^{3+}$ of $2:1$ in alumino-germano-silicate optical glass fibers.

© 2010 Optical Society of America

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