Measurements of skylight polarization: a case study in urban region with high-loading aerosol

Lianghai Wu; Jun Gao; Zhiguo Fan; Jun Zhang

doi:10.1364/AO.54.00B256

Applied Optics
Vol. 54,
Issue 4,
pp. B256-B265
(2015)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.54.00B256

Measurements of skylight polarization: a case study in urban region with high-loading aerosol

Lianghai Wu, Jun Gao, Zhiguo Fan, and Jun Zhang

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Lianghai Wu, Jun Gao, Zhiguo Fan, and Jun Zhang, "Measurements of skylight polarization: a case study in urban region with high-loading aerosol," Appl. Opt. 54, B256-B265 (2015)

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Abstract

We investigate skylight polarization patterns in an urban region using our developed full-Stokes imaging polarimeter. A detailed description of our imaging polarimeter and its calibration are given, then, we measure skylight polarization patterns at wavelength $λ = 488 nm$ and at solar elevation between $- 05 ° 10^{'}$ and $+ 35 ° 42^{'}$ in the city of Hefei, China. We show that in an urban region with high-loading aerosols: (1) the measured degree of linear polarization reaches the maximum near sunset, and large areas of unpolarized sky exist in the forward sunlight direction close to the Sun; (2) the position of neural points shifts from the local meridian plane and, if compared with a clear sky, alters the symmetrical characteristics of celestial polarization pattern; and (3) the observed circular polarization component is negligible.

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Viewing angle from zenith	$- 75 °$	$- 60 °$	$- 35 °$	$- 15 °$	0°	15°	35°	60°	75°
Clear sky (07:35)	$- 0.007$	$- 0.006$	$- 0.005$	0.002	0.003	0.003	$- 0.008$	$- 0.005$	$- 0.006$
High-loading aerosol (18:53)	$- 0.004$	$- 0.005$	$- 0.006$	0.002	$- 0.003$	$- 0.002$	$- 0.006$	0.007	0.003

Local time	18:04	18:14	18:22	18:33	18:43
$P_{l}$	$0.36 \pm 0.01$	$0.45 \pm 0.03$	$0.50 \pm 0.05$	$0.49 \pm 0.03$	$0.53 \pm 0.03$
$α_{s}$	$14 ° 03^{'}$	$15 ° 13^{'}$	$13 ° 43^{'}$	$08 ° 20^{'}$	$09 ° 53^{'}$
Local time	18:53	19:03	19:16	19:25	19:43
$P_{l}$	$0.56 \pm 0.05$	$0.49 \pm 0.03$	$0.63 \pm 0.05$	$0.61 \pm 0.01$	—
$α_{s}$	$04 ° 26^{'}$	$06 ° 30^{'}$	$04 ° 15^{'}$	$- 01 ° 50^{'}$	$- 05 ° 10^{'}$

Viewing angle from zenith	$- 75 °$	$- 60 °$	$- 35 °$	$- 15 °$	0°	15°	35°	60°	75°
Clear sky (07:35)	$- 0.007$	$- 0.006$	$- 0.005$	0.002	0.003	0.003	$- 0.008$	$- 0.005$	$- 0.006$
High-loading aerosol (18:53)	$- 0.004$	$- 0.005$	$- 0.006$	0.002	$- 0.003$	$- 0.002$	$- 0.006$	0.007	0.003

Local time	18:04	18:14	18:22	18:33	18:43
$P_{l}$	$0.36 \pm 0.01$	$0.45 \pm 0.03$	$0.50 \pm 0.05$	$0.49 \pm 0.03$	$0.53 \pm 0.03$
$α_{s}$	$14 ° 03^{'}$	$15 ° 13^{'}$	$13 ° 43^{'}$	$08 ° 20^{'}$	$09 ° 53^{'}$
Local time	18:53	19:03	19:16	19:25	19:43
$P_{l}$	$0.56 \pm 0.05$	$0.49 \pm 0.03$	$0.63 \pm 0.05$	$0.61 \pm 0.01$	—
$α_{s}$	$04 ° 26^{'}$	$06 ° 30^{'}$	$04 ° 15^{'}$	$- 01 ° 50^{'}$	$- 05 ° 10^{'}$

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Applied Optics