Recent Developments in Maser Devices and Materials

Hendrik J. Gerritsen

doi:10.1364/AO.1.000037

Applied Optics
Vol. 1,
Issue 1,
pp. 37-44
(1962)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.1.000037

Recent Developments in Maser Devices and Materials

Hendrik J. Gerritsen

Not Accessible

Your library or personal account may give you access

Get PDF
Email
Share
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Hendrik J. Gerritsen, "Recent Developments in Maser Devices and Materials," Appl. Opt. 1, 37-44 (1962)

Export Citation
- BibTex
- Endnote (RIS)
- HTML
- Plain Text
Citation alert
Save article

Abstract

The properties of crystals used in solid state masers are discussed. A table is presented summarizing this information for present maser materials. It is pointed out that further material research needs to be done to improve the performance of masers and extend their frequency range.

Full Article | PDF Article

More Like This

Synthetic Maser Ruby

Robert D. Olt
Appl. Opt. 1(1) 25-32 (1962)

Optical Masers

O. S. Heavens
Appl. Opt. 1(S1) 1-23 (1962)

Gaseous Optical Masers

W. R. Bennett
Appl. Opt. 1(S1) 24-61 (1962)

Previous Article Next Article

Cited By

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Figures (5)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Tables (1)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Equations (1)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Equations are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Host crystal →	Lanthanum ethyl sulphate La(C₂H₅SO₄)₃· 9H₂O	Potassium cobalti cyanide K₃Co(CN)₆		Corundum Al₂O₃	Beryl Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈	Rutile TiO₂	Cassiterite SnO₂	Calcium tungstate CaWO₄	Yttrium oxide Y₂O₃
Physical property ↓	Lanthanum ethyl sulphate La(C₂H₅SO₄)₃· 9H₂O	Potassium cobalti cyanide K₃Co(CN)₆		Corundum Al₂O₃	Beryl Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈	Rutile TiO₂	Cassiterite SnO₂	Calcium tungstate CaWO₄	Yttrium oxide Y₂O₃
Maser ions	Gadolineum³⁺	Chromium³⁺		Chromium, iron³⁺	Chromium³⁺	Chromium, iron³⁺	Iron³⁺	Gadolineum³⁺	Chromium³⁺
Idler doping ions used	Cerium³⁺	Iron³⁺		None		None		Erbium³⁺
Mechanical strength	Poor	Rather poor		Excellent	Excellent	Excellent	Excellent	Excellent	Excellent
Crystal size available	Large	Large		Very large	Small	Large	Small	Large	Large
Number of nonequivalent ions	1	2		1	1	2	2	1	4
<		Cr³⁺: 5.1 kMc		Cr³⁺: 11.4 kMc	Cr³⁺: 53.7 kMc	Cr³⁺: 43.3 kMc	${Fe}^{3 +} : {\begin{cases} 92 kMc \\ 76 \end{cases}$		Cr³⁺: 72.2 kMc
Δ₃ ↕		Cr³⁺: 5.1 kMc		Cr³⁺: 11.4 kMc	Cr³⁺: 53.7 kMc	Cr³⁺: 43.3 kMc	${Fe}^{3 +} : {\begin{cases} 92 kMc \\ 76 \end{cases}$		Cr³⁺: 72.2 kMc
< Zero field splittings	${Gd}^{3 +} {\begin{cases} 3.39 kMc \\ 2.50 \\ 1.40 \end{cases}$							${Gd}^{3 +} {\begin{cases} 17.9 kMc \\ 10.4 \\ 4.6 \end{cases}$
Δ₂ ↕
<				${Fe}^{3 +} : {\begin{cases} 19.2 \\ 11.8 \end{cases}$	${Fe}^{3 +} : {\begin{cases} 1.8 \\ 1.7 \end{cases}$	${Fe}^{3 +} : {\begin{cases} 81.3 \\ 43.3 \end{cases}$
Δ₁ ↕
<
Highest signal frequency operated so far	9 kMc	9 kMc		11 kMc: Cr, Fe	10 kMc	Cr: 24 kMc	Not	1.5 kMc	Not
Highest signal frequency operated so far						Fe: 72 kMc
Dielectric constant at 4.2°K Loss tangent at 4.2°K		5		9–11	6–7	130–260	24(300°K)
Dielectric constant at 4.2°K Loss tangent at 4.2°K				<7 × 10⁻⁴		2 × 10⁻⁵
Spin lattice relaxation at 4.2°K for maser dopings (≈0.1 to 0 05%)	0.01 msec Gd-Ce	50—5 msec Cr		30 msec Cr		2.5 msec Cr		0.02 msec Gd-Er	10 msec
		↓	↓	3 msec Fe
		CW	pulsed
Low frequency pumping
Pump frequency		5.71 kMc		9.59 kMc
Signal frequency		9.63		10.59
Method		Push-pull idler doped		Harmonic pumping
Highest temperature operated	4.2°K	4.2°K		200°K	4.2°K	15°K		4.2°K

Abstract

Cited By

Figures (5)

Tables (1)

Equations (1)

Applied Optics