The dynamic Hartmann test was developed to monitor precisely the alignment and optical figure of a complete telescope system such as the Large Space Telescope by using a real star source. The test was chosen for its large range of operation, sensitivity, and relative simplicity. The dynamic Hartmann test configuration is discussed and analyzed, and the construction of an experimental test instrument is described. A wavefront error simulator is used to determine experimentally the capability of the Hartmann test instrument in detecting low-order aberrations under laboratory conditions. It is found that sensitivities in the λ/50 to λ/100 range can be realized.

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