W. C. Kreye and F. L. Roesler, "High-resolution line-shape analyses of the pulsed cuprous chloride-laser oscillator and amplifier," Appl. Opt. 22, 927-939 (1983)
Time-averaged spectral line shapes of the a hyperfine component of the Cul 5782-Å line (2D3/2 ← 2P1/2) from a pulsed high-gain cuprous chloride (CuCl) laser are measured with a high-resolution (±1 mK) Fabry-Perot interferometer. Four operational modes are studied: (1) high-power oscillator; (2) low-power oscillator; (3) oscillator–amplifier combination; and (4) spontaneous-emission source. Two models are used for the oscillator and amplifier: a quasi-steady-state approximation and a gain-switched pulsed model, respectively. The corresponding computed interferograms are fitted to the experimental ones by varying the unsaturated gain g0, saturation and spontaneous-emission parameters, and the temperature and homogeneous FWHM. Use of a common discharge tube enables us to achieve a one–one correspondence between experimental data and laser parameters, whose resulting values agree with those obtained by other methods. Typically, the total average spectral output of the high-power oscillator is ~6.7 W and its g0 value is 0.15 cm−1.
W. C. Kreye and F. L. Roesler, "High-resolution line-shape analyses of the pulsed cuprous chloride-laser oscillator and amplifier: errata," Appl. Opt. 22, 2407-2407 (1983) https://opg.optica.org/ao/abstract.cfm?uri=ao-22-16-2407
L. S. Rothman, R. R. Gamache, A. Barbe, A. Goldman, J. R. Gillis, L. R. Brown, R. A. Toth, J.-M. Flaud, and C. Camy-Peyret Appl. Opt. 22(15) 2247-2256 (1983)
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
You do not have subscription access to this journal. Equations are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.
Physical, Electric, and Optical Properties of the CuCl Oscillator and Amplifier Lasers
Copper source
Natural Cu isotope ratio
Distance between electrodes
100 cm
Distance between mirrors
180 cm
I.D. of oscillator tube
3.0 cm
I.D. of amplifier tube
4.0 cm
Reflectivity of left-hand mirror
~0.99
Reflectivity of right-hand mirror
~0.04
Effective reflectivity of right-hand mirror
0.02
Repetition rate
13.9 kHz
Initial capacitive voltage
3.6 kV
Peak current
~350 A
Delay between oscillator and amplifier pulses
~100 nsec
Total maximum pulse energy of 5782 and 5105 Å
~0.5 mJ
Length of oscillator tube
~140 cm
τRT
~12 nsec
Table II
Parametric Values Which Yield the Computed Interferograms, Whose Relative Intensities, HWHM and X0.15 Best Fit the Corresponding Experimental Values, are Listed in Columns 2–4
Values of the Widths and X0.15 Ratios for the Computed Line Shapes Which are Based On the Best-Fit Parameters in Table IIa
Source
HWHM (mK)
FWHM (mK)
X0.15
Spontaneous emission
22.1
44.2
1.72
Low-power oscillator
8.1
16.1
1.46
High-power oscillator
18.5
37.0
1.51
Low-power oscillator/high-power amplifier
10.4
20.9
1.89
Figure 2 presents the corresponding interferograms. (Note the large differences in the values of the X0.15 ratio, which indicate the importance of including the 15%-peak fitting point.)
Table IV
Summary of the Values of the Optical, Electronic, and Atomic Parameters for the Pulsed CuCl Laser Oscillator and Amplifier
Average of the (0–100 nsec) averages from Refs. 11 and 12.
Average of the (0–100 nsec) averages from Refs. 11, 12, and 31.
Based on the optimum density 4.2 × 1015 cm−3 given in Ref. 10 for the double-pulsed (DP) laser. This figure is then corrected for the 63Cu abundance in the present study, and it is also corrected for the fact that the Cu0 density in the continuous pulsed laser is about one-tenth that in the DP pulsed laser. See Refs. 8 and 32.
An a posteriori value based on the high-power oscillator density values and on the ratio of the g0 values for the two oscillators.
A32 is based on the nonhyperfine-resolved measured value 0.0027 nsec−1 reported in Ref. 33. It is then corrected to correspond to the transition in the hyperfine a component by using the definitions of A for state transitions as given in Ref. 34 and the peak (abundance) values in Ref. 26.
From experimental temperature (660 K) and pressure (1 Torr).
Extrapolated from Ref. 30 to 3 eV.
A correction factor of 3 from Refs. 35 and 19 has been applied to
.
Table V
Comparison of Experimental Values of the Fitted Parameters and Parameter Combinations With Corresponding Derived Values
Physical, Electric, and Optical Properties of the CuCl Oscillator and Amplifier Lasers
Copper source
Natural Cu isotope ratio
Distance between electrodes
100 cm
Distance between mirrors
180 cm
I.D. of oscillator tube
3.0 cm
I.D. of amplifier tube
4.0 cm
Reflectivity of left-hand mirror
~0.99
Reflectivity of right-hand mirror
~0.04
Effective reflectivity of right-hand mirror
0.02
Repetition rate
13.9 kHz
Initial capacitive voltage
3.6 kV
Peak current
~350 A
Delay between oscillator and amplifier pulses
~100 nsec
Total maximum pulse energy of 5782 and 5105 Å
~0.5 mJ
Length of oscillator tube
~140 cm
τRT
~12 nsec
Table II
Parametric Values Which Yield the Computed Interferograms, Whose Relative Intensities, HWHM and X0.15 Best Fit the Corresponding Experimental Values, are Listed in Columns 2–4
Values of the Widths and X0.15 Ratios for the Computed Line Shapes Which are Based On the Best-Fit Parameters in Table IIa
Source
HWHM (mK)
FWHM (mK)
X0.15
Spontaneous emission
22.1
44.2
1.72
Low-power oscillator
8.1
16.1
1.46
High-power oscillator
18.5
37.0
1.51
Low-power oscillator/high-power amplifier
10.4
20.9
1.89
Figure 2 presents the corresponding interferograms. (Note the large differences in the values of the X0.15 ratio, which indicate the importance of including the 15%-peak fitting point.)
Table IV
Summary of the Values of the Optical, Electronic, and Atomic Parameters for the Pulsed CuCl Laser Oscillator and Amplifier
Average of the (0–100 nsec) averages from Refs. 11 and 12.
Average of the (0–100 nsec) averages from Refs. 11, 12, and 31.
Based on the optimum density 4.2 × 1015 cm−3 given in Ref. 10 for the double-pulsed (DP) laser. This figure is then corrected for the 63Cu abundance in the present study, and it is also corrected for the fact that the Cu0 density in the continuous pulsed laser is about one-tenth that in the DP pulsed laser. See Refs. 8 and 32.
An a posteriori value based on the high-power oscillator density values and on the ratio of the g0 values for the two oscillators.
A32 is based on the nonhyperfine-resolved measured value 0.0027 nsec−1 reported in Ref. 33. It is then corrected to correspond to the transition in the hyperfine a component by using the definitions of A for state transitions as given in Ref. 34 and the peak (abundance) values in Ref. 26.
From experimental temperature (660 K) and pressure (1 Torr).
Extrapolated from Ref. 30 to 3 eV.
A correction factor of 3 from Refs. 35 and 19 has been applied to
.
Table V
Comparison of Experimental Values of the Fitted Parameters and Parameter Combinations With Corresponding Derived Values