A detailed comparison of the performance of uniform and graded multilayers as soft x-ray monochromators and normal incidence collectors has been made. In particular, the responses of flat depth-, and laterally graded multilayers to Al K_α, radiation, λ = 8.34 Å have been computed and compared with the corresponding uniform multilayer. Furthermore, the efficiency of graded and uniform multilayers as normal incidence x-ray collectors has been calculated in terms of effective areas for parabolic reflectors tuned to the O K_α line, λ = 23.7 Å. Finally, the effective areas of four strong solar emission lines in the 30–60 Å region have been computed for uniform multilayers Normal incidence multilayer mirrors are well suited for spectroheliograph type of applications.

© 1983 Optical Society of America

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