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Optical, thermo-optic, electro-optic, and photoelastic properties of bismuth germanate (Bi4Ge3O12)

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Abstract

To assess the suitability of bismuth germanate as an electro-optic material for high precision applications, we have confirmed and extended previous data on its refractive index, electro-optic tensor element r 41, and thermal expansion coefficient. In addition, we have measured the thermo-optic coefficient dn/dT, the temperature dependence of the electro-optic coefficient, and the stress-optic tensor elements. From the stress-optic tensor elements and previously published data, we have computed the strain-optic tensor elements. The index of refraction is given, to a good approximation, by the single-term Sellmeier equation, n 2 − 1 = s 0λ0 2/[1 − (λ0/λ)2], with s 0 = 95.608 μm−2 and λ0 = 0.1807 μm. The thermo-optic coefficient is 3.9 × 10−5/°C at 632.8 nm and 3.5 × 10−5/°C at 1152.3 nm. The electro-optic tensor element varies between approximately 1.05 and 1.11 pm/V over the spectral range of 550–1000 nm; its normalized effective change with temperature is approximately 1.54 × 10−4/°C. The thermal expansion coefficient is 6.3 × 10−6/°C over the range 15–125 °C. Values of the stress-optic tensor elements are q 11q 12 = −2.995 × 10−13 m2/N and q 44 = −0.1365 3 10−12 m2/N. The strain-optic tensor elements are p 11p 12 = −0.0266 and p 44 = −0.0595.

© 1996 Optical Society of America

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