Abstract
The optical transfer function for incoherently illuminated objects is derived for the case of longitudinal vibrations. It becomes apparent that, contrary to the case of transverse vibrations, this transfer function cannot be separated from that for the lens alone. As an example, the influence of the longitudinal vibrations on the transfer function of a diffraction-limited lens is considered, and curves for various values of static defocusing and vibrational amplitude are shown. Under certain conditions the transfer function of a defocused lens is demonstrated to be considerably improved by introducing a certain amount of vibration. Finally, the effects of transverse and longitudinal vibrations are compared. Similar degrading effects are obtained by a transverse vibration having a vibrational amplitude A and longitudinal vibrations having an amplitude 2A/(N.A.), where N.A. is the numerical aperture of the lens.
© 1965 Optical Society of America
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