Directional eye fixation sensor using birefringence-based foveal detection
Applied Optics, Vol. 46, Issue 10, pp. 1809-1818 (2007)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.46.001809
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Abstract
We recently developed and reported an eye fixation monitor that detects the fovea by its radial orientation of birefringent nerve fibers. The instrument used a four-quadrant photodetector and a normalized difference function to check for a best match between the detector quadrants and the arms of the bow-tie pattern of polarization states surrounding the fovea. This function had a maximum during central fixation but could not tell where the subject was looking relative to the center. We propose a linear transformation to obtain horizontal and vertical eye position coordinates from the four photodetector signals, followed by correction based on a priori calibration information. The method was verified on both a computer model and on human eyes. The major advantage of this new eye-tracking method is that it uses true information coming from the fovea, rather than reflections from other structures, to identify the direction of foveal gaze.
© 2007 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(170.3890) Medical optics and biotechnology : Medical optics instrumentation
(200.4560) Optics in computing : Optical data processing
(260.1440) Physical optics : Birefringence
(260.5430) Physical optics : Polarization
(330.2210) Vision, color, and visual optics : Vision - eye movements
(330.4460) Vision, color, and visual optics : Ophthalmic optics and devices
ToC Category:
Optical microscopy techniques and technology
History
Original Manuscript: April 28, 2006
Revised Manuscript: September 29, 2006
Manuscript Accepted: October 6, 2006
Published: March 13, 2007
Virtual Issues
Vol. 2, Iss. 5 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
Boris I. Gramatikov, Othman H. Y. Zalloum, Yi Kai Wu, David G. Hunter, and David L. Guyton, "Directional eye fixation sensor using birefringence-based foveal detection," Appl. Opt. 46, 1809-1818 (2007)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ao/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-46-10-1809
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