A confocal reflectance theta line-scanning microscope demonstrates imaging of nuclear and cellular morphology in human skin and oral mucosa in vivo. The illumination and detection are through a divided objective lens pupil, resulting in a theta-microscope configuration. A line is directly scanned in the pupil and descanned onto a linear detector array such that the theta line scanner consists of only seven main optical components. The experimentally measured lateral resolution is 1.0\text{\hspace{0.17em} μm} and optical section thickness is \text{1.7 \hspace{0.17em} μm} under nominal conditions at \text{830 \hspace{0.17em} nm} wavelength. Through full-thickness human epidermis (i.e., in the dermis) the measured lateral resolution is \text{1.7 \hspace{0.17em} μm} and the optical section thickness is \text{9.2 \hspace{0.17em} μm} . The lateral resolution, sectioning, and image quality in epidermal (epithelial) tissue is comparable to that of point scanning confocal microscopy.

© 2007 Optical Society of America

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