Although the fluorescence behavior of acetone has already been examined widely, the amount of data is still not sufficient for the quantification of signals over the parameter field relevant for combustion engines. This leads to large uncertainties when new excitation wavelengths are applied or in cases where temperature and pressure and bath gas composition dependences of the fluorescence yield must be extrapolated from models. This work presents calibration results of the fluorescence signal intensities in nitrogen, air, and an exhaust-gas–air mixture in the wide range from 298 to $748\mathrm{K}$ and from $0.2\mathrm{bar}$ ( $0.02\mathrm{MPa}$ ) to $20\mathrm{bars}$ for the two important excitation wavelengths 308 and $248\mathrm{nm}$ . Based on this data, measurements of temperature and exhaust gas concentrations in a fired spark ignition engine were performed with high accuracy in single-shot images also.