We present the results of an investigation regarding a $Q$-switched mode-locked fiber laser scheme based on a cavity modulation frequency detuning technique. The approach is based on undamped laser relaxation oscillations occurring due to frequency detuning in the fundamental cavity resonance frequency. Through a range of experiments with an erbium-doped, fiber-based, ring-cavity laser, this approach has been shown to be capable of generating high-quality $Q$-switched mode-locked pulses from an optical fiber-based laser. The maximum frequency detuning range for a stable $Q$-switched mode-locking operation has been observed to vary depending on the pump power used. We found that the highest pulse peak power was obtained at the frequency detuning threshold at which the operation changed from the mode-locking to the $Q$-switched mode-locking regime.

© 2012 Optical Society of America

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