50 Most Cited Articles (As of January 6, 2012)
Launched in 1962, Applied Optics (AO) has published some of the most important applied research in the field. As one of the oldest applied journals in the industry, AO has paved the way for both OSA journals and non-OSA journals alike.
Below are the 50 most cited Applied Optics articles of all time, according to Thomson Reuters. They will be free to access throughout 2012.
1. 
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Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media Knut Stamnes, S-Chee Tsay, Warren Wiscombe, and Kolf Jayaweera Applied Optics, Vol. 27, Issue 12, pp. 2502-2509 (1988) TOTAL CITES: 1444 |
2. 
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Laser Beams and Resonators H. Kogelnik and T. Li Applied Optics, Vol. 5, Issue 10, pp. 1550-1567 (1966) TOTAL CITES: 1408 |
3. 
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Optical Constants of Water in the 200-nm to 200-µm Wavelength Region George M. Hale and Marvin R. Querry Applied Optics, Vol. 12, Issue 3, pp. 555-563 (1973) TOTAL CITES: 1401 |
4. 
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Phase retrieval algorithms: a comparison J. R. Fienup Applied Optics, Vol. 21, Issue 15, pp. 2758-2769 (1982) TOTAL CITES: 1280 |
5. 
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Time resolved reflectance and transmittance for the non-invasive measurement of tissue optical properties Michael S. Patterson, B. Chance, and B. C. Wilson Applied Optics, Vol. 28, Issue 12, pp. 2331-2336 (1989) TOTAL CITES: 1126 |
6. 
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Photothermal deflection spectroscopy and detection W. B. Jackson, N. M. Amer, A. C. Boccara, and D. Fournier Applied Optics, Vol. 20, Issue 8, pp. 1333-1344 (1981) TOTAL CITES: 913 |
7.  |
Optical constants of ice from the ultraviolet to the microwave Stephen G. Warren Applied Optics, Vol. 23, Issue 8, pp. 1206-1225 (1984) TOTAL CITES: 901 |
8.  |
Weakly Guiding Fibers D. Gloge Applied Optics, Vol. 10, Issue 10, pp. 2252-2258 (1971) TOTAL CITES: 843 |
9. 
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The HITRAN database: 1986 edition L. S. Rothman, R. R. Gamache, A. Goldman, L. R. Brown, R. A. Toth, H. M. Pickett, R. L. Poynter, J.-M. Flaud, C. Camy-Peyret, A. Barbe, N. Husson, C. P. Rinsland, and M. A. H. Smith Applied Optics, Vol. 26, Issue 19, pp. 4058-4097 (1987) TOTAL CITES: 767 |
10.  |
Optical properties of the clearest natural waters (200-800 nm) Raymond C. Smith and Karen S. Baker Applied Optics, Vol. 20, Issue 2, pp. 177-184 (1981) TOTAL CITES: 766 |
11.  |
Light Waves in Thin Films and Integrated Optics P. K. Tien Applied Optics, Vol. 10, Issue 11, pp. 2395-2413 (1971) TOTAL CITES: 765 |
12.  |
ART 2: self-organization of stable category recognition codes for analog input patterns Gail A. Carpenter and Stephen Grossberg Applied Optics, Vol. 26, Issue 23, pp. 4919-4930 (1987) TOTAL CITES: 747 |
13. 
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Digital Wavefront Measuring Interferometer for Testing Optical Surfaces and Lenses J. H. Bruning, D. R. Herriott, J. E. Gallagher, D. P. Rosenfeld, A. D. White, and D. J. Brangaccio Applied Optics, Vol. 13, Issue 11, pp. 2693-2703 (1974) TOTAL CITES: 728 |
14.  |
Measurement of Thin Film Parameters with a Prism Coupler R. Ulrich and R. Torge Applied Optics, Vol. 12, Issue 12, pp. 2901-2908 (1973) TOTAL CITES: 727 |
15.  |
Optical properties of the metals Al, Co, Cu, Au, Fe, Pb, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ag, Ti, and W in the infrared and far infrared M. A. Ordal, L. L. Long, R. J. Bell, S. E. Bell, R. R. Bell, R. W. Alexander, Jr., and C. A. Ward Applied Optics, Vol. 22, Issue 7, pp. 1099-1119 (1983) TOTAL CITES: 718 |
16.  |
Fourier transform profilometry for the automatic measurement of 3-D object shapes Mitsuo Takeda and Kazuhiro Mutoh Applied Optics, Vol. 22, Issue 24, pp. 3977-3982 (1983) TOTAL CITES: 672 |
17.  |
Theory of Transparency of the Eye G. B. Benedek Applied Optics, Vol. 10, Issue 3, pp. 459-473 (1971) TOTAL CITES: 665 |
18. 
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A Technique For Optically Convolving 2 Functions C. S. Weaver and J. W. Goodman Applied Optics, Vol. 5, Issue 7, pp. 1248-1249 (1966) TOTAL CITES: 647 |
19.  |
Absorption spectrum (380-700 nm) of pure water. II. Integrating cavity measurements Robin M. Pope and Edward S. Fry Applied Optics, Vol. 36, Issue 33, pp. 8710-8723 (1997) TOTAL CITES: 631 |
20.  |
Phase-only matched filtering Joseph L. Horner and Peter D. Gianino Applied Optics, Vol. 23, Issue 6, pp. 812-816 (1984) TOTAL CITES: 606 |
21.  |
Light propagation in graded-index optical fibers M. D. Feit and J. A. Fleck, Jr. Applied Optics, Vol. 17, Issue 24, pp. 3990-3998 (1978) TOTAL CITES: 599 |
22.  |
Polarization holography. 1: A new high-efficiency organic material with reversible photoinduced birefringence T. Todorov, L. Nikolova, and N. Tomova Applied Optics, Vol. 23, Issue 23, pp. 4309-4312 (1984) TOTAL CITES: 592 |
23.  |
Improved Mie scattering algorithms W. J. Wiscombe Applied Optics, Vol. 19, Issue 9, pp. 1505-1509 (1980) TOTAL CITES: 584 |
24.  |
Light scattering in Intralipid-10% in the wavelength range of 400-1100 nm Hugo J. van Staveren, Christian J. M. Moes, Jan van Marie, Scott A. Prahl, and Martin J. C. van Gemert Applied Optics, Vol. 30, Issue 31, pp. 4507-4514 (1991) TOTAL CITES: 573 |
25.  |
Spectral Properties of Plants David M. Gates, Harry J. Keegan, John C. Schleter, and Victor R. Weidner Applied Optics, Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 11-20 (1965) TOTAL CITES: 570 |
26.  |
Stable analytical inversion solution for processing lidar returns James D. Klett Applied Optics, Vol. 20, Issue 2, pp. 211-220 (1981) TOTAL CITES: 558 |
27.  |
High Precision Scanning Ellipsometer D. E. Aspnes and A. A. Studna Applied Optics, Vol. 14, Issue 1, pp. 220-228 (1975) TOTAL CITES: 551 |
28.  |
Model for laser Doppler measurements of blood flow in tissue R. Bonner and R. Nossal Applied Optics, Vol. 20, Issue 12, pp. 2097-2107 (1981) TOTAL CITES: 528 |
29.  |
Repetitively Pulsed Tunable Dye Laser for High Resolution Spectroscopy T. W. Hänsch Applied Optics, Vol. 11, Issue 4, pp. 895-898 (1972) TOTAL CITES: 526 |
30.  |
Optical waveguide refractive index profiles determined from measurement of mode indices: a simple analysis J. M. White and P. F. Heidrich Applied Optics, Vol. 15, Issue 1, pp. 151-155 (1976) TOTAL CITES: 512 |
31.  |
Retrieval of water-leaving radiance and aerosol optical thickness over the oceans with SeaWiFS: a preliminary algorithm Howard R. Gordon and Menghua Wang Applied Optics, Vol. 33, Issue 3, pp. 443-452 (1994) TOTAL CITES: 507 |
32.  |
Phytoplankton pigment concentrations in the Middle Atlantic Bight: comparison of ship determinations and CZCS estimates Howard R. Gordon, Dennis K. Clark, James W. Brown, Otis B. Brown, Robert H. Evans, and William W. Broenkow Applied Optics, Vol. 22, Issue 1, pp. 20-36 (1983) TOTAL CITES: 501 |
33.  |
A New Theory of Wood's Anomalies on Optical Gratings A. Hessel and A. A. Oliner Applied Optics, Vol. 4, Issue 10, pp. 1275-1297 (1965) TOTAL CITES: 498 |
34.  |
Optical Power Handling Capacity of Low Loss Optical Fibers as Determined by Stimulated Raman and Brillouin Scattering R. G. Smith Applied Optics, Vol. 11, Issue 11, pp. 2489-2494 (1972) TOTAL CITES: 496 |
35. 
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Analysis of atmospheric lidar observations: some comments Frederick G. Fernald Applied Optics, Vol. 23, Issue 5, pp. 652-653 (1984) TOTAL CITES: 485 |
36. 
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Direct recording of holograms by a CCD target and numerical reconstruction U. Schnars and W. Jüptner Applied Optics, Vol. 33, Issue 2, pp. 179-181 (1994) TOTAL CITES: 483 |
37.  |
The Spectra of the Doubly and Triply Ionized Rare Earths G. H. Dieke and H. M. Crosswhite Applied Optics, Vol. 2, Issue 7, pp. 675-686 (1963) TOTAL CITES: 476 |
38.  |
Binary Fraunhofer Holograms, Generated by Computer A. W. Lohmann and D. P. Paris Applied Optics, Vol. 6, Issue 10, pp. 1739-1748 (1967) TOTAL CITES: 467 |
39. 
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Digital phase-shifting interferometry: a simple error-compensating phase calculation algorithm P. Hariharan, B. F. Oreb, and T. Eiju Applied Optics, Vol. 26, Issue 13, pp. 2504-2506 (1987) TOTAL CITES: 448 |
40.  |
Spectrally narrow pulsed dye laser without beam expander Michael G. Littman and Harold J. Metcalf Applied Optics, Vol. 17, Issue 14, pp. 2224-2227 (1978) TOTAL CITES: 435 |
41.  |
Light Scattering by a Spheroidal Particle Shoji Asano and Giichi Yamamoto Applied Optics, Vol. 14, Issue 1, pp. 29-49 (1975) TOTAL CITES: 417 |
42.  |
Digital wave-front measuring interferometry: some systematic error sources J. Schwider, R. Burow, K.-E. Elssner, J. Grzanna, R. Spolaczyk, and K. Merkel Applied Optics, Vol. 22, Issue 21, pp. 3421-3432 (1983) TOTAL CITES: 407 |
43.  |
Off-Axis Paths in Spherical Mirror Interferometers D. Herriott, H. Kogelnik, and R. Kompfner Applied Optics, Vol. 3, Issue 4, pp. 523-526 (1964) TOTAL CITES: 399 |
44. 
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Computed Relationships Between the Inherent and Apparent Optical Properties of a Flat Homogeneous Ocean Howard R. Gordon, Otis B. Brown, and Michael M. Jacobs Applied Optics, Vol. 14, Issue 2, pp. 417-427 (1975) TOTAL CITES: 397 |
45.  |
Speckle masking in astronomy: triple correlation theory and applications Adolf W. Lohmann, Gerd Weigelt, and Bernhard Wirnitzer Applied Optics, Vol. 22, Issue 24, pp. 4028-4037 (1983) TOTAL CITES: 396 |
46.  |
On the Propagation of Gaussian Beams of Light Through Lenslike Media Including those with a Loss or Gain Variation Herwig Kogelnik Applied Optics, Vol. 4, Issue 12, pp. 1562-1569 (1965) TOTAL CITES: 392 |
47.  |
Polarization optics of twisted single-mode fibers R. Ulrich and A. Simon Applied Optics, Vol. 18, Issue 13, pp. 2241-2251 (1979) TOTAL CITES: 385 |
48.  |
Adaptive bidirectional associative memories Bart Kosko Applied Optics, Vol. 26, Issue 23, pp. 4947-4960 (1987) TOTAL CITES: 373 |
49.  |
Phase-shifting speckle interferometry Katherine Creath Applied Optics, Vol. 24, Issue 18, pp. 3053-3058 (1985) TOTAL CITES: 370 |
50.  |
Avalanche photodiodes and quenching circuits for single-photon detection S. Cova, M. Ghioni, A. Lacaita, C. Samori, and F. Zappa Applied Optics, Vol. 35, Issue 12, pp. 1956-1976 (1996) TOTAL CITES: 365 |
