Abstract

It is possible to obtain resolution of the order of 1–2 Å in the reflectance spectroscopy of powders by carefully controlling the experimental measuring techniques. One can then identify; optically, broad bands and narrow bands of the rare earths as being upper energy states and unperturbed 4<i>f</i> transitions. It is even possible to show various degrees of perturbation of 4<i>f</i> energy-states of a given rare-earth ion by observing Stark states which may vary from 5–90 Å in half-width. However lack of polarization data make positive identification of these Stark states impossible.

Reflectance spectroscopy: application of the Kubelka-Munk theory to the rates of photoprocesses of powders

E. L. Simmons
Appl. Opt. 15(4) 951-954 (1976)

Quantitative diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of large powders: the Melamed model revisited

Andreas Mandelis, Farnaz Boroumand, and Hubert vanden Bergh
Appl. Opt. 29(19) 2853-2860 (1990)

Refractive indices of powdered materials using attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy

James B. Gillespie and George H. Goedecke
Appl. Opt. 28(18) 3985-3992 (1989)

Reflectance of Compacted Powder Mixtures

Elihu A. Schatz
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 57(7) 941-950 (1967)

Infrared specular reflectance of pressed crystal powders and mixtures

Frederic E. Volz
Appl. Opt. 22(12) 1842-1855 (1983)