Abstract

Air-induced paper discoloration is described as being different from other discoloration morphologies. It seems to be the result of prolonged exposure to air in a humid and polluted environment without appropriate protecting coverage. In this work, three folios from the same eighteenth century book, presenting three degrees of discoloration and opacity and subjected to different environmental conditions, were examined and compared. Samples were analyzed and compared by three different instrumental techniques, mid-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical and physical changes were confirmed from the data collected by these techniques. The absence of the secondary amide band characteristic of proteins in the infrared spectra of the two discolored folios, accompanied by the appearance and increase of white mineral-like deposits visible in the SEM micrographs, support the idea that oxidation reactions occurred and that these two folios were subjected to more severe degradation hazard.

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of steatite using calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in conjunction with x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

Muhammad Fahad, Asim Shahzad, Sajjad Ali, and Khizar Hussain Shah
Appl. Opt. 60(17) 5110-5116 (2021)

Polarization induced contrast X-ray fluorescence at submicrometer resolution reveals nanometer apatite crystal orientations across entire tooth sections

Bernhard Hesse, Deborah Stier, Marine Cotte, Jean-Baptiste Forien, and Paul Zaslansky
Biomed. Opt. Express 10(1) 18-28 (2019)

Three-dimensional analysis of urban aerosols by use of a combined lidar, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray microanalysis

Emeric Frejafon, Jérôme Kasparian, Patrick Rambaldi, Jin Yu, Brigitte Vezin, and Jean Pierre Wolf
Appl. Opt. 37(12) 2231-2237 (1998)

Use of x-ray absorption spectroscopy in electronic structure studies of high-Tc superconducting oxides

L. Soderholm and G. L. Goodman
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 6(3) 483-489 (1989)

Spiral scanning X-ray fluorescence computed tomography

Martin D. de Jonge, Andrew M. Kingston, Nader Afshar, Jan Garrevoet, Robin Kirkham, Gary Ruben, Glenn R. Myers, Shane J. Latham, Daryl L. Howard, David J. Paterson, Christopher G. Ryan, and Gawain McColl
Opt. Express 25(19) 23424-23436 (2017)