Abstract
Lignins and their cross-linking to hemicelluloses detrimentally affect the
cellulose-to-ethanol conversion of grass lignocelluloses. Screening appropriate
grass cell walls and their compositional changes during the various steps of the
process calls for a high-throughput analytical technique. Such a performance can be
fulfilled by Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy. In the present
paper, a set of maize cell walls from mature stems were selected, including brown
midrib samples. Lignin fractions were isolated by mild acidolysis to obtain a set of
purified maize lignin standards. The lignin content and the percentage of
lignin-derived p-hydroxyphenyl (H), guaiacyl (G), and syringyl (S)
thioacidolysis monomers were determined. In addition, the composition of cell wall
polysaccharides, as well as the amount of ester-linked p-coumaric (CA) and
ferulic (FA) acids, was measured by wet chemistry. Partial least square (PLS)
analyses were applied to infrared and chemical data of cell walls. The resulting
models showed a good predictive ability with regard to the lignin content, to the
frequency of S (or G) thioacidolysis monomers, and to the level of ester-linked CA
of maize cell walls. The loading plots and regression coefficients revealed relevant
infrared absorption bands.
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