Abstract
Presented in this paper is an assessment of the applicability of Raman
spectroscopy and microspectrophotometry (MSP) in visible and ultraviolet light
(UV-Vis) in the examination of textile fibers dyed with mixtures of synthetic dyes.
Fragments of single polyester fibers, stained with ternary mixtures of disperse dyes
in small mass concentrations, and fragments of single cotton fibers, dyed with
binary or ternary mixtures of reactive dyes, were subjected to the study. Three
types of excitation sources, 514, 633, and 785 nm, were used during Raman
examinations, while the MSP study was conducted in the 200 to 800 nm range. The
results indicate that the capabilities for discernment of dye mixtures are similar
in the spectroscopic methods that were employed. Both methods have a limited
capacity to distinguish slightly dyed polyester fiber; additionally, it was found
that Raman spectroscopy enables identification of primarily the major components in
dye mixtures. The best results, in terms of the quality of Raman spectra, were
obtained using an excitation source from the near infrared. MSP studies led to the
conclusion that polyester testing should be carried out in the range above 310 nm,
while for cotton fibers there is no limitation or restriction of the applied range.
Also, MSP UV-Vis showed limited possibilities for discriminatory analysis of cotton
fibers dyed with a mixture of reactive dyes, where the ratio of the concentration of
the main dye used in the dyeing process to minor dye was higher than four. The
results presented have practical applications in forensic studies, inter
alia.
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