Waveguide numerical aperture restrictions and light-blocking elements are used to create a microfluidic cytometer with both illumination and two-parameter light scatter collection systems integrated on-chip. Good forward scatter coefficients of variation (9.7-18.3%) are achieved for polystyrene beads under a reasonably high flow rate (28 cm/s) using a greatly simplified optical system.

© 2010 OSA

1. H. M. Shapiro, Practical Flow Cytometry (Wiley, 2004).
2. A. Kummrow, J. Theisen, M. Frankowski, A. Tuchscheerer, H. Yildirim, K. Brattke, M. Schmidt, and J. Neukammer, “Microfluidic structures for flow cytometric analysis of hydrodynamically focussed blood cells fabricated by ultraprecision micromachining,” Lab Chip 9(7), 972–981 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. J. P. Golden, J. S. Kim, J. S. Erickson, L. R. Hilliard, P. B. Howell, G. P. Anderson, M. Nasir, and F. S. Ligler, “Multi-wavelength microflow cytometer using groove-generated sheath flow,” Lab Chip 9(13), 1942–1950 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. A. Wolff, I. R. Perch-Nielsen, U. D. Larsen, P. Friis, G. Goranovic, C. R. Poulsen, J. P. Kutter, and P. Telleman, “Integrating advanced functionality in a microfabricated high-throughput fluorescent-activated cell sorter,” Lab Chip 3(1), 22–27 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
5. D. P. Schrum, C. Culbertson, S. Jacobson, and J. Ramsey, “Microchip flow cytometry using electrokinetic focusing,” Anal. Chem. 71(19), 4173–4177 (1999). [CrossRef]
6. N. Pamme, R. Koyama, and A. Manz, “Counting and sizing of particles and particle agglomerates in a microfluidic device using laser light scattering: application to a particle-enhanced immunoassay,” Lab Chip 3(3), 187–192 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
7. Z. Wang, J. El-Ali, M. Engelund, T. Gotsaed, I. R. Perch-Nielsen, K. B. Mogensen, D. Snakenborg, J. P. Kutter, and A. Wolff, “Measurements of scattered light on a microchip flow cytometer with integrated polymer based optical elements,” Lab Chip 4(4), 372–377 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
8. J. Seo and L. P. Lee, “Disposable integrated microfluidics with self-aligned planar microlenses,” Sens. Actuators B Chem. 99(2-3), 615–622 (2004). [CrossRef]
9. J. Godin, V. Lien, and Y. Lo, “Demonstration of two-dimensional fluidic lens for integration into microfluidic flow cytometers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 89(6), 061106 (2006). [CrossRef]
10. J. Godin, V. Lien, and Y. Lo, “Integrated fluidic photonics for multi-parameter in-plane detection in microfluidic flow cytometry,” in 19th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (Montreal, Quebec, 2006), pp. 605–606.
11. V. Lien, Y. Berdichevsky, and Y. Lo, “A prealigned process of integrating optical waveguides with microfluidic devices,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16(6), 1525–1527 (2004). [CrossRef]
12. A. Yen, Flow Cytometry: Advanced Research and Clinical Applications, 7–8 (CRC Press, 1989).
13. D. Duffy, J. McDonald, O. Schueller, and G. M. Whitesides, “Rapid prototyping of microfluidic systems in poly (dimethylsiloxane),” Anal. Chem. 70(23), 4974–4984 (1998). [CrossRef]
14. E. Mantz, “MFI Homepage,” http://www.umass.edu/microbio/mfi/
15. H. B. Steen, “Light scattering measurement in an arc lamp-based flow cytometer,” Cytometry 11(2), 223–230 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
16. S. Cho, J. Godin, C. Chen, F. Tsai, and Y. Lo, “Microfluidic photonic integrated circuits,” Proc. SPIE 7135, 713501 (2008).
17. C. H. Chen, S. H. Cho, F. Tsai, A. Erten, and Y. H. Lo, “Microfluidic cell sorter with integrated piezoelectric actuator,” Biomed. Microdevices 11(6), 1223–1231 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Anal. Chem.

• D. P. Schrum, C. Culbertson, S. Jacobson, and J. Ramsey, “Microchip flow cytometry using electrokinetic focusing,” Anal. Chem. 71(19), 4173–4177 (1999). [CrossRef]
• D. Duffy, J. McDonald, O. Schueller, and G. M. Whitesides, “Rapid prototyping of microfluidic systems in poly (dimethylsiloxane),” Anal. Chem. 70(23), 4974–4984 (1998). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

• J. Godin, V. Lien, and Y. Lo, “Demonstration of two-dimensional fluidic lens for integration into microfluidic flow cytometers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 89(6), 061106 (2006). [CrossRef]

Biomed. Microdevices

• C. H. Chen, S. H. Cho, F. Tsai, A. Erten, and Y. H. Lo, “Microfluidic cell sorter with integrated piezoelectric actuator,” Biomed. Microdevices 11(6), 1223–1231 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Cytometry

• H. B. Steen, “Light scattering measurement in an arc lamp-based flow cytometer,” Cytometry 11(2), 223–230 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

• V. Lien, Y. Berdichevsky, and Y. Lo, “A prealigned process of integrating optical waveguides with microfluidic devices,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16(6), 1525–1527 (2004). [CrossRef]

Lab Chip

• A. Kummrow, J. Theisen, M. Frankowski, A. Tuchscheerer, H. Yildirim, K. Brattke, M. Schmidt, and J. Neukammer, “Microfluidic structures for flow cytometric analysis of hydrodynamically focussed blood cells fabricated by ultraprecision micromachining,” Lab Chip 9(7), 972–981 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• J. P. Golden, J. S. Kim, J. S. Erickson, L. R. Hilliard, P. B. Howell, G. P. Anderson, M. Nasir, and F. S. Ligler, “Multi-wavelength microflow cytometer using groove-generated sheath flow,” Lab Chip 9(13), 1942–1950 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• A. Wolff, I. R. Perch-Nielsen, U. D. Larsen, P. Friis, G. Goranovic, C. R. Poulsen, J. P. Kutter, and P. Telleman, “Integrating advanced functionality in a microfabricated high-throughput fluorescent-activated cell sorter,” Lab Chip 3(1), 22–27 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• N. Pamme, R. Koyama, and A. Manz, “Counting and sizing of particles and particle agglomerates in a microfluidic device using laser light scattering: application to a particle-enhanced immunoassay,” Lab Chip 3(3), 187–192 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• Z. Wang, J. El-Ali, M. Engelund, T. Gotsaed, I. R. Perch-Nielsen, K. B. Mogensen, D. Snakenborg, J. P. Kutter, and A. Wolff, “Measurements of scattered light on a microchip flow cytometer with integrated polymer based optical elements,” Lab Chip 4(4), 372–377 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Sens. Actuators B Chem.

• J. Seo and L. P. Lee, “Disposable integrated microfluidics with self-aligned planar microlenses,” Sens. Actuators B Chem. 99(2-3), 615–622 (2004). [CrossRef]

Other

• J. Godin, V. Lien, and Y. Lo, “Integrated fluidic photonics for multi-parameter in-plane detection in microfluidic flow cytometry,” in 19th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (Montreal, Quebec, 2006), pp. 605–606.
• A. Yen, Flow Cytometry: Advanced Research and Clinical Applications, 7–8 (CRC Press, 1989).
• E. Mantz, “MFI Homepage,” http://www.umass.edu/microbio/mfi/
• S. Cho, J. Godin, C. Chen, F. Tsai, and Y. Lo, “Microfluidic photonic integrated circuits,” Proc. SPIE 7135, 713501 (2008).
• H. M. Shapiro, Practical Flow Cytometry (Wiley, 2004).

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