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Biomedical Optics Express

Biomedical Optics Express

  • Editor: Joseph A. Izatt
  • Vol. 2, Iss. 6 — Jun. 1, 2011
  • pp: 1412–1422

Optics InfoBase > Biomedical Optics Express > Volume 2 > Issue 6 > Page 1412

Comprehensive volumetric confocal microscopy with adaptive focusing

DongKyun Kang, Hongki Yoo, Priyanka Jillella, Brett E. Bouma, and Guillermo J. Tearney  »View Author Affiliations


Biomedical Optics Express, Vol. 2, Issue 6, pp. 1412-1422 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/BOE.2.001412


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Abstract

Comprehensive microscopy of distal esophagus could greatly improve the screening and surveillance of esophageal diseases such as Barrett’s esophagus by providing histomorphologic information over the entire region at risk. Spectrally encoded confocal microscopy (SECM) is a high-speed reflectance confocal microscopy technology that can be configured to image the entire distal esophagus by helically scanning the beam using optics within a balloon-centering probe. It is challenging to image the human esophagus in vivo with balloon-based SECM, however, because patient motion and anatomic tissue surface irregularities decenter the optics, making it difficult to keep the focus at a predetermined location within the tissue as the beam is scanned. In this paper, we present a SECM probe equipped with an adaptive focusing mechanism that can compensate for tissue surface irregularity and dynamic focal variation. A tilted arrangement of the objective lens is employed in the SECM probe to provide feedback signals to an adaptive focusing mechanism. The tilted configuration also allows the probe to obtain reflectance confocal data from multiple depth levels, enabling the acquisition of three-dimensional volumetric data during a single scan of the probe. A tissue phantom with a surface area of 12.6 cm2 was imaged using the new SECM probe, and 8 large-area reflectance confocal microscopy images were acquired over the depth range of 56 μm in 20 minutes. Large-area SECM images of excised swine small intestine tissue were also acquired, enabling the visualization of villous architecture, epithelium, and lamina propria. The adaptive focusing mechanism was demonstrated to enable acquisition of in-focus images even when the probe was not centered and the tissue surface was irregular.

© 2011 OSA

OCIS Codes
(170.1790) Medical optics and biotechnology : Confocal microscopy
(170.2150) Medical optics and biotechnology : Endoscopic imaging
(170.2680) Medical optics and biotechnology : Gastrointestinal

ToC Category:
Endoscopes, Catheters and Micro-Optics

History
Original Manuscript: January 26, 2011
Revised Manuscript: April 20, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: May 4, 2011
Published: May 4, 2011

Citation
DongKyun Kang, Hongki Yoo, Priyanka Jillella, Brett E. Bouma, and Guillermo J. Tearney, "Comprehensive volumetric confocal microscopy with adaptive focusing," Biomed. Opt. Express 2, 1412-1422 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/boe/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-2-6-1412


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