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Spectral domain optical coherence tomography of multi-MHz A-scan rates at 1310 nm range and real-time 4D-display up to 41 volumes/secondDong-hak Choi, Hideaki Hiro-Oka, Kimiya Shimizu, and Kohji Ohbayashi »View Author Affiliations
Dong-hak Choi,1
Hideaki Hiro-Oka,1
Kimiya Shimizu,2
and Kohji Ohbayashi3,*
1Center for Natural Science, Kitasato University, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan 2Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University, Kitasato1-15-1, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan 3Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kitasato1-15-1, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan *Corresponding author: obayashi@kitasato-u.ac.jp |
Biomedical Optics Express, Vol. 3, Issue 12, pp. 3067-3086 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/BOE.3.003067
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Abstract
An ultrafast frequency domain optical coherence tomography system was developed at A-scan rates between 2.5 and 10 MHz, a B-scan rate of 4 or 8 kHz, and volume-rates between 12 and 41 volumes/second. In the case of the worst duty ratio of 10%, the averaged A-scan rate was 1 MHz. Two optical demultiplexers at a center wavelength of 1310 nm were used for linear-k spectral dispersion and simultaneous differential signal detection at 320 wavelengths. The depth-range, sensitivity, sensitivity roll-off by 6 dB, and axial resolution were 4 mm, 97 dB, 6 mm, and 23 μm, respectively. Using FPGAs for FFT and a GPU for volume rendering, a real-time 4D display was demonstrated at a rate up to 41 volumes/second for an image size of 256 (axial) × 128 × 128 (lateral) voxels.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(100.6890) Image processing : Three-dimensional image processing
(110.4500) Imaging systems : Optical coherence tomography
(170.4500) Medical optics and biotechnology : Optical coherence tomography
ToC Category:
Image Processing
History
Original Manuscript: August 2, 2012
Revised Manuscript: October 18, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: October 21, 2012
Published: November 1, 2012
Citation
Dong-hak Choi, Hideaki Hiro-Oka, Kimiya Shimizu, and Kohji Ohbayashi, "Spectral domain optical coherence tomography of multi-MHz A-scan rates at 1310 nm
range and real-time 4D-display up to 41 volumes/second," Biomed. Opt. Express 3, 3067-3086 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/boe/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-3-12-3067
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- D. C. Adler, C. Zhou, T. H. Tsai, J. Schmitt, Q. Huang, H. Mashimo, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Three-dimensional endomicroscopy of the human colon using optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Express17(2), 784–796 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Potsaid, I. Gorczynska, V. J. Srinivasan, Y. Chen, J. Jiang, A. Cable, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Ultrahigh speed spectral / Fourier domain OCT ophthalmic imaging at 70,000 to 312,500 axial scans per second,” Opt. Express16(19), 15149–15169 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Huber, D. C. Adler, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Buffered Fourier domain mode locking: Unidirectional swept laser sources for optical coherence tomography imaging at 370,000 lines/s,” Opt. Lett.31(20), 2975–2977 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- A. F. Low, G. J. Tearney, B. E. Bouma, and I. K. Jang, “Technology Insight: optical coherence tomography--current status and future development,” Nat. Clin. Pract. Cardiovasc. Med.3(3), 154–162, quiz 172 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Z. Ma, A. Liu, X. Yin, A. Troyer, K. Thornburg, R. K. Wang, and S. Rugonyi, “Measurement of absolute blood flow velocity in outflow tract of HH18 chicken embryo based on 4D reconstruction using spectral domain optical coherence tomography,” Biomed. Opt. Express1(3), 798–811 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Z. Ma, A. Liu, X. Yin, A. Troyer, K. Thornburg, R. K. Wang, and S. Rugonyi, “Measurement of absolute blood flow velocity in outflow tract of HH18 chicken embryo based on 4D reconstruction using spectral domain optical coherence tomography,” Biomed. Opt. Express1(3), 798–811 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. E. Ustun, N. V. Iftimia, R. D. Ferguson, and D. X. Hammer, “Real-time processing for Fourier domain optical coherence tomography using a field programmable gate array,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.79(11), 114301 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Y. Oh, B. J. Vakoc, M. Shishkov, G. J. Tearney, and B. E. Bouma, “>400 kHz repetition rate wavelength-swept laser and application to high-speed optical frequency domain imaging,” Opt. Lett.35(17), 2919–2921 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. E. Desjardins, B. J. Vakoc, M. J. Suter, S. H. Yun, G. J. Tearney, and B. E. Bouma, “Real-time FPGA processing for high-speed optical frequency domain imaging,” IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging28(9), 1468–1472 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. J. Vakoc, M. Shishko, S. H. Yun, W. Y. Oh, M. J. Suter, A. E. Desjardins, J. A. Evans, N. S. Nishioka, G. J. Tearney, and B. E. Bouma, “Comprehensive esophageal microscopy by using optical frequency-domain imaging (with video),” Gastrointest. Endosc.65(6), 898–905 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Van der Jeught, A. Bradu, and A. G. Podoleanu, “Real-time resampling in Fourier domain optical coherence tomography using a graphics processing unit,” J. Biomed. Opt.15(3), 030511 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Yang, S. Whiteman, D. G. van Pittius, Y. He, R. K. Wang, and M. A. Spiteri, “Use of optical coherence tomography in delineating airways microstructure: comparison of OCT images to histopathological sections,” Phys. Med. Biol.49(7), 1247–1255 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. An, P. Li, T. T. Shen, and R. Wang, “High speed spectral domain optical coherence tomography for retinal imaging at 500,000 A‑lines per second,” Biomed. Opt. Express2(10), 2770–2783 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Wang, J. X. Yun, X. Yuan, R. Goodwin, R. R. Markwald, and B. Z. Gao, “Megahertz streak-mode Fourier domain optical coherence tomography,” J. Biomed. Opt.16(6), 066016 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Z. Ma, A. Liu, X. Yin, A. Troyer, K. Thornburg, R. K. Wang, and S. Rugonyi, “Measurement of absolute blood flow velocity in outflow tract of HH18 chicken embryo based on 4D reconstruction using spectral domain optical coherence tomography,” Biomed. Opt. Express1(3), 798–811 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Yang, S. Whiteman, D. G. van Pittius, Y. He, R. K. Wang, and M. A. Spiteri, “Use of optical coherence tomography in delineating airways microstructure: comparison of OCT images to histopathological sections,” Phys. Med. Biol.49(7), 1247–1255 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Watanabe, U. M. Rajagopalan, Y. Nakamichi, K. M. Igarashi, H. Kadono, and M. Tanifuji, “Swept source optical coherence tomography as a tool for real time visualization and localization of electrodes used in electrophysiological studies of brain in vivo,” Biomed. Opt. Express2(11), 3129–3134 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Watanabe, S. Maeno, K. Aoshima, H. Hasegawa, and H. Koseki, “Real-time processing for full-range Fourier-domain optical-coherence tomography with zero-filling interpolation using multiple graphic processing units,” Appl. Opt.49(25), 4756–4762 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- T. Klein, W. Wieser, C. M. Eigenwillig, B. R. Biedermann, and R. Huber, “Megahertz OCT for ultrawide-field retinal imaging with a 1050 nm Fourier domain mode-locked laser,” Opt. Express19(4), 3044–3062 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Wieser, B. R. Biedermann, T. Klein, C. M. Eigenwillig, and R. Huber, “Multi-megahertz OCT: High quality 3D imaging at 20 million A-scans and 4.5 GVoxels per second,” Opt. Express18(14), 14685–14704 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Gargesha, M. W. Jenkins, D. L. Wilson, and A. M. Rollins, “High temporal resolution OCT using image-based retrospective gating,” Opt. Express17(13), 10786–10799 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Gargesha, M. W. Jenkins, A. M. Rollins, and D. L. Wilson, “Denoising and 4D visualization of OCT images,” Opt. Express16(16), 12313–12333 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. W. Jenkins, F. Rothenberg, D. Roy, V. P. Nikolski, Z. Hu, M. Watanabe, D. L. Wilson, I. R. Efimov, and A. M. Rollins, “4D embryonic cardiography using gated optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Express14(2), 736–748 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Probst, D. Hillmann, E. Lankenau, C. Winter, S. Oelckers, P. Koch, and G. Hüttmann, “Optical coherence tomography with online visualization of more than seven rendered volumes per second,” J. Biomed. Opt.15(2), 026014 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- K. Zhang and J. U. Kang, “Real-time intraoperative 4D full-range FD-OCT based on the dual graphics processing units architecture for microsurgery guidance,” Biomed. Opt. Express2(4), 764–770 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Zhang and J. U. Kang, “Real-time 4D signal processing and visualization using graphics processing unit on a regular nonlinear-k Fourier-domain OCT system,” Opt. Express18(11), 11772–11784 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Zhang and J. U. Kang, “Graphics processing unit accelerated non-uniform fast Fourier transform for ultrahigh-speed, real-time Fourier-domain OCT,” Opt. Express18(22), 23472–23487 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Appl. Opt.
- G. Liu, J. Zhang, L. Yu, T. Xie, and Z. Chen, “Real-time polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography data processing with parallel computing,” Appl. Opt.48(32), 6365–6370 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Appl. Opt.
- Y. Watanabe, S. Maeno, K. Aoshima, H. Hasegawa, and H. Koseki, “Real-time processing for full-range Fourier-domain optical-coherence tomography with zero-filling interpolation using multiple graphic processing units,” Appl. Opt.49(25), 4756–4762 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Arch. Ophthalmol.
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Biomed. Opt. Express
- L. An, P. Li, T. T. Shen, and R. Wang, “High speed spectral domain optical coherence tomography for retinal imaging at 500,000 A‑lines per second,” Biomed. Opt. Express2(10), 2770–2783 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Biomed. Opt. Express
- K. Zhang and J. U. Kang, “Real-time intraoperative 4D full-range FD-OCT based on the dual graphics processing units architecture for microsurgery guidance,” Biomed. Opt. Express2(4), 764–770 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Gastrointest. Endosc.
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IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.
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IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging
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J. Biomed. Opt.
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J. Biomed. Opt.
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J. Laryngol. Otol.
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Opt. Express
- B. Potsaid, I. Gorczynska, V. J. Srinivasan, Y. Chen, J. Jiang, A. Cable, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Ultrahigh speed spectral / Fourier domain OCT ophthalmic imaging at 70,000 to 312,500 axial scans per second,” Opt. Express16(19), 15149–15169 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Lett.
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Opt. Express
- B. Potsaid, B. Baumann, D. Huang, S. Barry, A. E. Cable, J. S. Schuman, J. S. Duker, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Ultrahigh speed 1050nm swept source/Fourier domain OCT retinal and anterior segment imaging at 100,000 to 400,000 axial scans per second,” Opt. Express18(19), 20029–20048 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Wieser, B. R. Biedermann, T. Klein, C. M. Eigenwillig, and R. Huber, “Multi-megahertz OCT: High quality 3D imaging at 20 million A-scans and 4.5 GVoxels per second,” Opt. Express18(14), 14685–14704 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Klein, W. Wieser, C. M. Eigenwillig, B. R. Biedermann, and R. Huber, “Megahertz OCT for ultrawide-field retinal imaging with a 1050 nm Fourier domain mode-locked laser,” Opt. Express19(4), 3044–3062 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- D. C. Adler, C. Zhou, T. H. Tsai, J. Schmitt, Q. Huang, H. Mashimo, and J. G. Fujimoto, “Three-dimensional endomicroscopy of the human colon using optical coherence tomography,” Opt. Express17(2), 784–796 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Zhang and J. U. Kang, “Graphics processing unit accelerated non-uniform fast Fourier transform for ultrahigh-speed, real-time Fourier-domain OCT,” Opt. Express18(22), 23472–23487 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. Zhang and J. U. Kang, “Real-time 4D signal processing and visualization using graphics processing unit on a regular nonlinear-k Fourier-domain OCT system,” Opt. Express18(11), 11772–11784 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Bajraszewski, M. Wojtkowski, M. Szkulmowski, A. Szkulmowska, R. Huber, and A. Kowalczyk, “Improved spectral optical coherence tomography using optical frequency comb,” Opt. Express16(6), 4163–4176 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Lett.
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Photonics Lett. Poland
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Phys. Med. Biol.
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Rev. Sci. Instrum.
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Science
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- H. Watanabe, U. M. Rajagopalan, Y. Nakamichi, K. M. Igarashi, H. Kadono, and M. Tanifuji, “Swept source optical coherence tomography as a tool for real time visualization and localization of electrodes used in electrophysiological studies of brain in vivo,” Biomed. Opt. Express2(11), 3129–3134 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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