Abstract
Green phosphorescent inverted hybrid inorganic-organic light-emitting
diodes (IHyLEDs) based on a simplified organic layer/
${{WO}}_{3}$
structure have been
demonstrated. The
${{WO}}_{3}$
layer enabled facile hole injection and transport, which was balanced
by efficient electron injection from the indium-tin-oxide (ITO) cathode overcoated
with nanometer-thick Ca. The IHyLEDs had a turn-on voltage of 6 V. At 20
${{mA}}/{{cm}}^{2}$
, it reached a luminance of 8133
${{cd}}/{{m}} ^{2}$
and a current
efficiency of 40 cd/A, which were 43% higher than a similar IHyLED with a
conventional Al/LiF electron injection layer. The IHyLEDs with Ca also exhibited
improved reliability under constant-current stressing at 20
${{mA}}/{{cm}}^{2}$
.
© 2014 IEEE
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