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Optica Publishing Group
  • Journal of Display Technology
  • Vol. 11,
  • Issue 3,
  • pp. 273-277
  • (2015)

Aluminum-Modified Molybdenum Trioxide for Electron Injection in Inverted Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

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Abstract

Electron injection using ambient stable electrodes is essential for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), particularly for the bottom electrode of the inverted OLEDs. Here, a metal–oxide-based highly transparent electron injection layer (EIL) is proposed. This metal–oxide-based EIL consists of thin layer of aluminum (Al)—modified molybdenum trioxide $({MoO}_{3})$ . It is demonstrated that the surface of the ${MoO}_{3}$ layer can be chemically reduced by a very thin overlayer of Al (1 nm), resulting in a lower effective surface work function as well as introducing a number of gap states in the reduced molybdenum oxide layer. With this surface Al-doped ${MoO}_{3}$ EIL, efficient inverted OLEDs are demonstrated over typical conductive electrodes such as indium tin oxide (ITO) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythio-phene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS).

© 2014 IEEE

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