Abstract

We report the study of 2-D photonic-crystal waveguide arrays (PCWA) composed of <i>N</i> identical waveguides coupled evanescently with each other. The coupling properties of the waveguide modes are investigated using coupled-mode theory and finite-difference time domain method. One straightforward application of such an analysis is to route input power from a central waveguide to side waveguides. As a result, appropriate designs of PCWAs may permit the realization of efficient, compact and novel devices. For instance, we show that power dividers, switchers, and Mach–Zehnder interferometers can be feasible using <i>N</i> =3 channels. On the other hand, <i>N</i> =5 waveguides can divide the input power by 1/4 at a distance of approximately 37.2 <i>µ</i>m. Waveguide bends and Y-type junctions are used heavily for power transfer but they are prone to scattering losses; hence, lowering the transmission efficiency. They can be eliminated by means of PCWAs in the design of optical power distribution through photonic circuits.

© 2009 IEEE

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