Abstract
Femtosecond laser written waveguides in glass were characterized across
the full telecom spectrum to gain insight into waveguide loss mechanisms,
and to aid in the design of a low-loss 1300/1550 nm wavelength demultiplexer.
A $\lambda^{-4}$ wavelength
scaling of propagation loss confirms Rayleigh scattering as a principal loss
mechanism. Laser exposure was optimized for generating low-loss directional
couplers with high isolation between the 1300 and 1550 nm bands. Dispersive
coupling in the straight and curved wavelength regions was balanced with a
1.5-fold difference in 1300 and 1550 nm beat lengths, leading to the first
demonstration of 1300/1550 nm demultiplexer written with a laser. A minimum
interaction length of 3.2 mm, ${\sim}
{\hbox {2}}$ dB insertion loss and channel isolations of 16.7
and 18.8 dB are reported.
© 2009 IEEE
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