Abstract
In this paper, the effect of addition and/or dropping of wavelength-division-multiplexed channels in an
all-optical gain-clamped (AOGC) second-order (SO) pumped lumped Raman fiber amplifier (LRFA) has been investigated
experimentally and analyzed by numerical simulation. Channel addition/removal was simulated by transmitting ten
signals through a counter-directionally pumped LRFA consisting of a 16-km-long dispersion-compensating fiber. The
light from eight lasers was square-wave modulated at 500 Hz; power transients of the surviving channels caused by
cross-gain modulation of the LRFA were monitored at the output of the amplifier. All-optical feedback loop was
implemented in the form of a ring laser. Gain-clamping properties of the SO-pumped LRFA are compared with those of
the first-order pumped LRFA having the same on/off Raman gain.
Theoretical analysis of the AOGC LRFA was based on numerical solution of coupled propagation equations for the
backward propagating pump, signals, and both forward and backward propagating spectral components of amplified
spontaneous emission powers.
© 2007 IEEE
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