Abstract
Two long-period gratings (LPGs) fabricated in series in an optical fiber form a Mach–Zehnder
interferometer, producing a sinusoidal channelled spectrum within the characteristic LPG attenuation bands, which
has the appearance of an interference fringe pattern. The phase of the fringes is sensitive to changes in the
surrounding environmental parameters, such as refractive index. Fabrication of a number of identical cascaded LPG
pairs with different separations produces independent fringe patterns of different frequencies within the
attenuation bands. The application of basic Fourier techniques to analyze the transmission spectrum allows the phase
of each fringe pattern to be determined independently, facilitating the differentiation of external effects acting
on each interferometer.
© 2007 IEEE
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