Abstract
This paper proposes and demonstrates a simulation model to systematically
investigate jitter accumulations in cascaded all-optical 2R regenerators.
The simulation results indicate that when the pattern dependence from the
memory effect is minimized, the jitter accumulation depends critically on
the degree of the regenerative nonlinearity. Studies of tradeoffs between
the jitter from bandwidth limitation and the signal-to-noise-ratio degradation
help identify the optimized regenerator bandwidth for various degrees of regenerative
nonlinearity. The simulation then considers the pattern dependence from the
memory effect and finds that it can severely degrade the cascadability of
an optical 2R regenerator and can make it worse than that of a linear optical
amplifier (optical 1R). The simulation results show good matches to the experimental
results of an optical 2R regenerator based on a semiconductor optical amplifier
based Mach–Zehnder interferometer. To overcome the jitter accumulation
associated with the optical 2R regeneration, we experimentally demonstrate
an optical 3R regenerator for optical nonreturn-to-zero signals with all-optical
clock recovery. The experiments achieve more than 1000-hop cascadability for
pseudorandom binary sequence 2$^{31}-$1 inputs with a 100-km recirculation loop using lab fiber. Field
trial experiments then demonstrate a more than 1000-hop cascadability for
a 3R spacing of 66 km and a 100-hop cascadability for a 3R spacing of 264
km.
© 2008 IEEE
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