Abstract

Photographic noise is studied from the point of view of continuous-parameter Markov chains. A general, conditional-probability distribution of the undeveloped grains in a cell is used for a pure-death process. The corresponding mean and variance are obtained. A new theoretical expression relating rms density to average density is also determined. The application of this probability distribution to a typical photographic film is demonstrated and the informational sensitivity, defined for the effectiveness of information transmission, is also derived. Finally, it is concluded that the photographic process is nonhomogeneous in the sense that the probability of grain development (death) is a function of exposure time.

© 1969 Optical Society of America

Conditions for Linearity between Density and Exposure for Photographic Plates

P. J. Vernier
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 59(4) 444-454 (1969)

Concerning Photographic Grain, Signal-to-Noise Ratio, and Information

Peter Fellgett
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 43(4) 271-282 (1953)

Noise Characteristics of Photographic Emulsions Used for Holography

Wai–Hon Lee and Milton O. Greer
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61(3) 402-409 (1971)

Multilevel-Grain Model for Light-Recording Media

A. S. Marathay and T. J. Skinner
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 59(4) 455-459 (1969)

Effects of Photographic Gamma on Hologram Reconstructions*†

James C. Wyant and M. Parker Givens
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 59(12) 1650-1658 (1969)