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Violet red, being non-spectral, is specified by the wave-length of its complementary.
These three yellows do not appear so saturate as the figures would indicate. But since spectral yellows are taken as 100% pure, the low subjective saturation of spectral yellow relative to that of other hues (especially violet) accounts for the apparent discrepancy.**
Sinden, R. H., Studies based on Spectral Complementaries, J. O. S. A., 7, No. 12; p. 1136, December, 1923.
Table 2
To show with how Much Accuracy the Combination Curves Yield “White.”(Non-selective combinations)
Colors
Milton Bradley Symbol
Per cent of Disk
Remark on Mixture
Spectral Equivalent
Effect on Excitations
Dominant Wave-length mμ
Purity Per cent
% Red
% Violet
Blue
B
55
Exact gray
440
0.5
32.8
34.6
Yellow
4Y1G
40
Blue-green
BG
5
Blue
B
49
Exact gray
Comp. to 530
0.1
33.3
33.4
Yellow
Y
38
Green
G
13
Blue
B
44
Fair gray
488
6.0
30.6
35.8
Yellow
4Y1R
31
Green
G
25
Green-blue
4B1G
60
Fair gray
540
3.0
33.4
32.1
Yellow
4Y1R
33
Green
G
7
Violet
V
69.5
Fair gray
590
1.0
33.8
32.3
Yellow-green
YG
22.5
Yellow
Y
8.0
Blue
B
58
Red nearly gray
Comp. to 565
12.0
31.8
36.7
Yellow
4Y1G
42
Table 3
(Selective combinations)
Green
G
37.5
Fair gray
488
5.0
31.3
35.1
Red
4R1Y
31.5
Blue-violet
4B1R
31.0
Orange
O
30
Fair gray
610
1.0
34.8
32.3
Blue-green
BG
61
Blue
B
9
Red-orange
RO
36
Fair gray
430
1.0
32.2
36.4
Blue-green
BG
56
Green-blue
4B1G
8
Red-violet
RV
64.5
Fair gray
600
1.0
34.9
32.2
Green
G
35.5
Red
R
64.5
Yellow nearly gray
590
12.0
37.0
30.0
Blue-green
BG
35.5
Table 4
Constancy of the Beam Components in the Selective Equivalents
Actual Pigment Colors
Beam Components Spectral Equivalent
Accepted Wave-length of Blue-green. Complementary
Color Name
Milton Bradley Symbol
Spectral Equivalent
Dominant Wave-length mμ
Purity Per cent
Dominant Wave-length mμ
Purity Per cent
Red
4R1Y
625
63
625
70
Green
G
527
53
488
65
490
Blue-violet
4B1R
466
30
Orange
O
596
81
600
61
Blue
B
469
38
489
28
488
Blue-green
BG
494
23
Red-orange
RO
609
65
610
64
Blue-green
BC
494
23
487
37
489
Green-blue
4B1G
480
30
Comp. to
Red-violet
RV
525
40
640
60
Green
G
527
58
493
25
491
Red
R
625
44
621
61
Blue-green
BG
494
23
494
43
490
Table 5
The spectral reflection* of the papers investigated, as calculated directly from the spectrophotometric settings
Wave Length mμ
Milton-Bradley Identification Symbol and Curve Number
R
4R1Y
RO
O
4Y1R
Y
4Y1G
YG
G
BG
4B1G
B
4B1R
V
VR
Bk
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
450
6
7
8
7
13
8
13
21
15
45
60
80
60
37
32
4
480
4
5
10
8
17
19
24
38
33
64
63
55
39
28
24
6
500
4
4
9
8
24
31
55
66
69
71
57
33
20
19
17
5
510
4
5
8
10
30
47
63
75
78
67
46
24
15
15
11
6
520
5
5
8
12
40
67
72
80
70
61
36
18
13
15
11
6
530
6
5
8
13
56
78
90
80
67
55
29
15
12
14
12
5
540
6
4
8
13
70
90
91
79
53
47
25
13
11
13
14
4
550
7
5
11
17
83
93
96
80
43
40
21
9
9
13
15
5
560
7
6
14
34
84
100
94
72
37
36
19
8
8
13
16
5
570
8
8
20
55
85
100
97
70
32
34
18
7
7
11
17
5
580
9
11
30
69
88
100
100
70
27
33
17
7
7
11
19
6
590
13
22
47
85
89
100
100
68
23
30
16
7
7
12
21
6
600
18
47
58
88
93
100
100
60
18
27
13
7
7
14
25
4
610
23
70
80
93
92
100
100
60
15
26
12
6
5
18
34
4
620
37
75
81
100
89
100
100
60
15
27
12
6
5
17
41
4
630
45
77
89
100
89
100
100
59
15
27
12
7
5
15
52
4
640
66
90
97
100
92
100
100
60
15
27
13
7
4
14
56
4
680
75
92
97
100
78
100
100
68
21
30
14
10
4
10
87
4
The above data are given in per cent reflection, considering the standard white to be 100 per cent reflecting for each wave-length. Reflections rather than absorptions have been recorded since all computations involving the elementary excitations are based on the per cent reflected. This serves to emphasize the fact that although the results in the tables (1, 2, 3, and 4) involve the assumption of sunlight illumination and therefore designate light beams, the curves depend only on the spectrophotometric readings referring to the papers, themselves, and hence take the form of absorption spectra.
Violet red, being non-spectral, is specified by the wave-length of its complementary.
These three yellows do not appear so saturate as the figures would indicate. But since spectral yellows are taken as 100% pure, the low subjective saturation of spectral yellow relative to that of other hues (especially violet) accounts for the apparent discrepancy.**
Sinden, R. H., Studies based on Spectral Complementaries, J. O. S. A., 7, No. 12; p. 1136, December, 1923.
Table 2
To show with how Much Accuracy the Combination Curves Yield “White.”(Non-selective combinations)
Colors
Milton Bradley Symbol
Per cent of Disk
Remark on Mixture
Spectral Equivalent
Effect on Excitations
Dominant Wave-length mμ
Purity Per cent
% Red
% Violet
Blue
B
55
Exact gray
440
0.5
32.8
34.6
Yellow
4Y1G
40
Blue-green
BG
5
Blue
B
49
Exact gray
Comp. to 530
0.1
33.3
33.4
Yellow
Y
38
Green
G
13
Blue
B
44
Fair gray
488
6.0
30.6
35.8
Yellow
4Y1R
31
Green
G
25
Green-blue
4B1G
60
Fair gray
540
3.0
33.4
32.1
Yellow
4Y1R
33
Green
G
7
Violet
V
69.5
Fair gray
590
1.0
33.8
32.3
Yellow-green
YG
22.5
Yellow
Y
8.0
Blue
B
58
Red nearly gray
Comp. to 565
12.0
31.8
36.7
Yellow
4Y1G
42
Table 3
(Selective combinations)
Green
G
37.5
Fair gray
488
5.0
31.3
35.1
Red
4R1Y
31.5
Blue-violet
4B1R
31.0
Orange
O
30
Fair gray
610
1.0
34.8
32.3
Blue-green
BG
61
Blue
B
9
Red-orange
RO
36
Fair gray
430
1.0
32.2
36.4
Blue-green
BG
56
Green-blue
4B1G
8
Red-violet
RV
64.5
Fair gray
600
1.0
34.9
32.2
Green
G
35.5
Red
R
64.5
Yellow nearly gray
590
12.0
37.0
30.0
Blue-green
BG
35.5
Table 4
Constancy of the Beam Components in the Selective Equivalents
Actual Pigment Colors
Beam Components Spectral Equivalent
Accepted Wave-length of Blue-green. Complementary
Color Name
Milton Bradley Symbol
Spectral Equivalent
Dominant Wave-length mμ
Purity Per cent
Dominant Wave-length mμ
Purity Per cent
Red
4R1Y
625
63
625
70
Green
G
527
53
488
65
490
Blue-violet
4B1R
466
30
Orange
O
596
81
600
61
Blue
B
469
38
489
28
488
Blue-green
BG
494
23
Red-orange
RO
609
65
610
64
Blue-green
BC
494
23
487
37
489
Green-blue
4B1G
480
30
Comp. to
Red-violet
RV
525
40
640
60
Green
G
527
58
493
25
491
Red
R
625
44
621
61
Blue-green
BG
494
23
494
43
490
Table 5
The spectral reflection* of the papers investigated, as calculated directly from the spectrophotometric settings
Wave Length mμ
Milton-Bradley Identification Symbol and Curve Number
R
4R1Y
RO
O
4Y1R
Y
4Y1G
YG
G
BG
4B1G
B
4B1R
V
VR
Bk
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
450
6
7
8
7
13
8
13
21
15
45
60
80
60
37
32
4
480
4
5
10
8
17
19
24
38
33
64
63
55
39
28
24
6
500
4
4
9
8
24
31
55
66
69
71
57
33
20
19
17
5
510
4
5
8
10
30
47
63
75
78
67
46
24
15
15
11
6
520
5
5
8
12
40
67
72
80
70
61
36
18
13
15
11
6
530
6
5
8
13
56
78
90
80
67
55
29
15
12
14
12
5
540
6
4
8
13
70
90
91
79
53
47
25
13
11
13
14
4
550
7
5
11
17
83
93
96
80
43
40
21
9
9
13
15
5
560
7
6
14
34
84
100
94
72
37
36
19
8
8
13
16
5
570
8
8
20
55
85
100
97
70
32
34
18
7
7
11
17
5
580
9
11
30
69
88
100
100
70
27
33
17
7
7
11
19
6
590
13
22
47
85
89
100
100
68
23
30
16
7
7
12
21
6
600
18
47
58
88
93
100
100
60
18
27
13
7
7
14
25
4
610
23
70
80
93
92
100
100
60
15
26
12
6
5
18
34
4
620
37
75
81
100
89
100
100
60
15
27
12
6
5
17
41
4
630
45
77
89
100
89
100
100
59
15
27
12
7
5
15
52
4
640
66
90
97
100
92
100
100
60
15
27
13
7
4
14
56
4
680
75
92
97
100
78
100
100
68
21
30
14
10
4
10
87
4
The above data are given in per cent reflection, considering the standard white to be 100 per cent reflecting for each wave-length. Reflections rather than absorptions have been recorded since all computations involving the elementary excitations are based on the per cent reflected. This serves to emphasize the fact that although the results in the tables (1, 2, 3, and 4) involve the assumption of sunlight illumination and therefore designate light beams, the curves depend only on the spectrophotometric readings referring to the papers, themselves, and hence take the form of absorption spectra.