Abstract

Experimental data are presented that show the reversal behavior of the characteristic curves for one commercial x-ray film as a function of x-ray exposure rate and establish the presence of reciprocity-law failure and intermittency effect in the reversal region. Under the present experimental conditions, lower exposure rates of x-radiation are seen to favor reversal while the opposite is shown to be the case for visible light. Earlier work with different types of emulsions and under different developing conditions mentions an effect with visible light similar to the one here obtained with x-rays; however, a satisfactory interpretation of the basic mechanisms involved is still lacking and further experiments are required to establish the connection between the effects of x-rays and visible light.

© 1956 Optical Society of America

Reciprocity Law for X-Rays.* Part I: Validity for High-Intensity Exposures in the Negative Region

Margarete Ehrlich and William L. McLaughlin
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 46(10) 797-800 (1956)

The Failure of the Photographic Reciprocity Law at Low Intensity*

J. H. Webb and C. H. Evans
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 28(11) 431-436 (1938)

Reciprocity Law Failure in Desensitized Emulsions*

Simpei Tutihasi
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 45(1) 15-18 (1955)

The Effect of Temperature upon Reciprocity Law Failure in Photographic Exposure*

J. H. Webb
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 25(1) 4-23 (1935)

The Photographic Reciprocity-Law Failure for Radiations of Different Wave-Length*

M. Biltz and J. H. Webb
J. Opt. Soc. Am. 38(7) 561-569 (1948)