Helium Level Populations in a Glow Discharge*

William J. Condell

doi:10.1364/JOSA.50.000610

Journal of the Optical Society of America
Vol. 50,
Issue 6,
pp. 610-616
(1960)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.50.000610

Helium Level Populations in a Glow Discharge

William J. Condell

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William J. Condell, "Helium Level Populations in a Glow Discharge*," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 50, 610-616 (1960)

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Abstract

Spectral line intensities of a helium glow-discharge plasma were measured, and relative populations of the excited levels were calculated for various pressures from 0.842 to 2.83 mm Hg and currents from 3 to 40 ma.

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Wavelength in A	Designation (A,B)	Oscillator strength, f(B,A)	g(B)f(B,A)/λ³ A⁻³×10⁺¹¹
7281	3¹S–2¹P	0.04640	0.03594
7065	3³S–2³P	0.07639	0.1948
6678	3¹D–2¹P	0.7253	0.7300
5875	3³D–2³P	0.6234	2.7636
5047	4¹S–2¹P	0.00824	0.01921
5015	3¹P–2¹S	0.1646	0.1303
4921	4¹D–2¹P	0.1205	0.3029
4713	4³S–2³P	0.01159	0.09954
4471	4³D–2³P	0.1229	1.2366
4437^a	5¹S–2¹P	0.0032	0.01098
4387	5¹D–2¹P	0.04308	0.1528
4169	6¹S–2¹P	0.00151	0.00624
4143^a	6¹D–2¹P	0.0218	0.0919
3964	4¹P—2¹S	0.0508	0.08143
3937	8¹S–2¹P	0.00055	0.002703
3926	8¹D–2¹P	0.00740	0.03664
3888	3³P–2³S	0.05705	0.2908
3819^a	6³D–2³P	0.0188	0.3035
3652	8³S–2³P	0.00071	0.01311
3634	8³D–2³P	0.00849	0.1591
3613^a	5¹P–2¹S	0.0245	0.03055
3447	6¹P–2¹S	0.01257	0.03065
3188	4³P–2³S	0.02083	0.1928

		Relative population at 2.83 mm Hg Current in ma				Relative population at 2.36 mm Hg Current in ma
Wavelength	Designation	3	5	10	20	3	5	10	20	40
7281	3¹S–2¹P	88.8±2%	149±1%	274±1%	582	103±2%	166±2%	321±1%	645±3%	1290
7065	3³S–2³P	71.1	131	285	684	55.2	99.3	229	525	1260
6678	3¹D–2¹P	9.45±0.8%	16.4	33.2	75.9	12.0	18.8	44.0	103	225
5875	3³D–2³P	5.60	11.2	25.8	70.61	6.09	12.0	31.5	88.9	214
5047	4¹S–2¹P	10.1	16.5	30.4	62.78	14.0±1%	21.6	43.8	91.8	174
5015	3¹P–2¹S	10.8	19.5	38.2	90.00	14.5	24.3	51.8	121	266
4921	4¹D–2¹P	1.80	3.41	6.42	21.9	2.24	4.12	9.54	24.6	57.9
4713	4³S–2³P	7.32±1%	13.0	27.6	79.8	8.34	14.9	34.2	81.3	178
4471	4³D–2³P	1.76	3.50	7.84	21.0	1.72	3.41	8.43	21.6	54.0
4437^a	5¹S–2¹P	3.00±4%	4.89±1%	9.00±1%	19.5	3.72±10%	5.96±10%	10.2±3%	21.0±3%	41.4±2%
4387	5¹D–2¹P	0.678±0.6%	1.36	2.98	7.41	0.651±5%	1.28±5%	2.72±1%	7.29	18.0
4169	6¹S–2¹P	1.08±5%	1.78±4%	3.04±5%	6.49	1.60±5%	2.66±5%	4.57±3%	9.50±2%	16.2±1%
4143^a	6¹D–2¹P	0.293±0.6%	0.544±1%	1.11	2.74	0.367	0.734	1.58	3.94	8.08
3964	4¹P—2¹S	1.70	3.20	6.80	17.4	2.06	4.19	8.89	25.0	51.4
3937	8¹S–2¹P	0.0839±15%	0.345±25%	0.808±20%	1.03±10%	0.249±20%	0.548±20%	1.08±20%	2.20±20%	1.94±30%
3926	8¹D–2¹P	0.0537±4%	0.206±5%	0.326±5%	0.763±3%	0.132±10%	0.246±10%	0.439±10%	1.14±10%	1.91±10%
3888	3³P–2³S	25.7	49.9	103	269	29.2	59.4	126	306	718
3819^a	6³D–2³P	0.353	0.697	1.35	3.59	0.418±1%	0.870±1%	1.72	4.43±1%	10.1
3652	8³S–2³P	0.275±5%	0.470±5%	0.818±3%	1.16±1%	0.305±5%	0.590±1%	1.08±1%	2.06±2%	3.72±2%
3634	8³D–2³P	0.100±2%	0.194±2%	0.380	0.859	0.111±3%	0.226±2%	0.462	1.04	2.20
3613^a	5¹P–2¹S	0.939±1%	1.32±2%	3.85	9.45	1.03±1%	2.16±1%	4.52	10.6	30.1
3447	6¹P–2¹S	0.276±5%	0.523±5%	1.12±1%	2.73	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯
3188	4³P–2³S	4.68	8.96	28.1	46.6	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯	⋯

		Relative population at 1.65 mm Hg Current in ma					Relative population at 0.842 mm Hg Current in ma
Wavelength	Designation	3	5	10	20	40	3	5	10	20	40
7281	3¹S–2¹P	131±2%	206±2%	375	651	1340±1%	163	262	489	885	1660
7065	3³S–2³P	72.3	122	270	561	1400	63.9	108	223	468	1090
6678	3¹D–2¹P	11.2	18.9	38.0	78.9	195	11.4	20.2	41.4	85.2	189
5875	3³D–2³P	4.48	9.08	23.7	58.3	173	2.96	5.79	14.2	38.5	116
5047	4¹S–2¹P	21.6	31.9	57.2	98.1	204	41.7	67.6	119	214	368
5015	3¹P–2¹S	19.8	31.0	58.8	109	255	38.0	60.2	110	202	381
4921	4¹D–2¹P	2.55	4.20	9.33	20.0	53.3	3.56	6.10	11.9	26.1	57.9
4713	4³S–2³P	11.4	18.3	38.6	76.6	182	16.8	28.5	53.8	112	231
4471	4³D–2³P	2.25	3.96	9.35	20.2	54.5	2.56	4.54	9.38	22.0	53.1
4437^a	5¹S–2¹P	7.62±1%	10.7±1%	18.8±1%	30.2±1%	56.8±1%	18.1	28.7	47.2	80.6	122
4387	5¹D–2¹P	1.13	1.89	4.14	8.66	21.9	19.1	3.30	6.28	13.4	28.9
4169	6¹S–2¹P	2.67±1%	3.65	6.30	9.78	18.4	7.49	11.3	17.7	27.5	40.4
4143^a	6¹D–2¹P	0.494	0.798	1.75	3.48	8.36	0.944	1.57	2.92	5.93	12.4
3964	4¹P—2¹S	2.79	4.50	9.68	19.7	50.2	5.37	8.74	15.8	32.1	67.1
3937	8¹S–2¹P	0.500±10%	0.813±10%	1.92±10%	2.18±10%	4.51±10%	1.62±6%	2.47±5%	3.38±5%	5.02±5%	7.80±5%
3926	8¹D–2¹P	0.205±5%	0.304±5%	0.632±5%	1.07±5%	2.29±5%	0.451±3%	0.714±2%	1.21±2%	2.20±2%	4.00±2%
3888	3³P–2³S	34.5	55.9	125	247	627	41.4	71.3	136	288	630
3819^a	6³D–2³P	0.601	0.984	2.19	4.46	11.0	1.10	1.87	3.44	7.17	15.2
3652	8³S–2³P	0.502±2%	0.760±3%	1.50±2%	2.17	4.25	1.31±2%	1.96±1%	3.07±1%	4.75	7.21
3634	8³D–2³P	0.168±1%	0.282	0.608	1.11	2.42	0.393	0.637	1.10	2.08	3.81
3613^a	5¹P–2¹S	1.56	2.54	5.78	11.7	30.1	2.95	4.96	9.19	19.5	41.7
3447	6¹P–2¹S	0.496±7%	0.815±5%	1.88±5%	3.54±1%	8.63	1.01	1.70	3.17	6.41	12.9
3188	4³P–2³S	7.21	12.0	26.0	50.3	123	12.1	20.9	37.0	75.0	151

Pressure at room temp. in mm Hg	Pressure (P₀) at 0°C in mm Hg	Discharge current in ma	Field strength (E) in v/cm	E/P₀
0.842	0.765	3	8.97	11.7
		5	8.46	11.1
		10	7.82	10.2
		20	7.44	9.73
		40	7.05	9.23
1.65	1.51	3	9.1	6.02
		5	8.59	5.68
		10	8.08	5.35
		20	7.77	5.15
		40	7.44	4.92
2.36	2.16	3	9.61	4.45
		5	9.10	4.21
		10	8.93	4.13
		40	8.21	3.80
2.83	2.59	3	10.12	3.91
		5	9.74	3.76
		10	9.48	3.65
		20	9.10	3.52

E/P₀	Random velocity in cm/sec	Drift velocity in cm/sec	Drift/random velocities
3.5	1.2×10⁸	2.1×10⁶	0.017
11	1.4×10⁸	6×10⁶	0.043

Pressure in mm Hg	Electron temperature in deg C	ΔN/N for ΔE of 2×10⁴ cm⁻¹
0.842	60 000	0.479
1.65	45 000	0.639
2.36	39 000	0.737
2.83	36 500	0.787

Wavelength A	Error±%	Wavelength A	Error±%
7281	1.5	4143	1.0
7065	1.0	3964	1.0
6678	0.5	3937	1.0
5875	0.5	3926	1.0
5047	1.0	3888	0.5
5015	0.5	3819	1.0
4921	1.0	3652	1.0
4713	1.5	3634	1.0
4471	1.0	3613	1.0
4437	1.0	3447	1.5
4387	1.0	3188	2.0
4169	1.0

Current ma	% uncertainty in current
3	±0.3
5	0.2
10	0.1
20	0.5
40	0.25

Current ma	% uncertainty in current
3	±0.3
5	0.2
10	0.1
20	0.5
40	0.25

Abstract

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Tables (7)

Equations (2)

Journal of the Optical Society of America