Abstract
Normal and color defective observers were asked to identify 13 signal light colors as either red, green, or yellow under laboratory conditions simulating road traffic signals but with only chromaticity and brightness differences as cues for identification. Choice reaction times and errors were measured. A high correlation between these yields was found and each was analyzed separately. Special statistical techniques were necessary for analysis of the errors. Reaction times provided a sensitive measure and proved simpler to analyze than errors. It was concluded that the chromaticity boundaries similar to those specified by ASA D10-1 (1958) were more reliable for all classes of observers than those more liberal boundaries established by the CIE (1955) and BS:1376 (1953). None of the yellow filters proved satisfactory for color defectives. Reaction times and errors suggest that the extension of the yellow limit of the red signals in the new U. S. standard (1964) may be undesirable.
© 1964 Optical Society of America
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