Common omissions and misconceptions of wave propagation in turbulence: discussion

doi:10.1364/JOSAA.29.000711

Common omissions and misconceptions of wave propagation in turbulence: discussion

Mikhail Charnotskii »View Author Affiliations

JOSA A, Vol. 29, Issue 5, pp. 711-721 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.29.000711

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Abstract

This review paper addresses typical mistakes and omissions that involve theoretical research and modeling of optical propagation through atmospheric turbulence. We discuss the disregard of some general properties of narrow-angle propagation in refractive random media, the careless use of simplified models of turbulence, and omissions in the calculations of the second moment of the propagating wave. We also review some misconceptions regarding short-exposure imaging, propagation of polarized waves, and calculations of the scintillation index of the beam waves.

OCIS Codes
(010.1300) Atmospheric and oceanic optics : Atmospheric propagation
(010.1330) Atmospheric and oceanic optics : Atmospheric turbulence
(030.1670) Coherence and statistical optics : Coherent optical effects
(030.7060) Coherence and statistical optics : Turbulence
(110.4850) Imaging systems : Optical transfer functions
(110.0115) Imaging systems : Imaging through turbulent media

ToC Category:
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics

History
Original Manuscript: November 10, 2011
Revised Manuscript: January 18, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: January 31, 2012
Published: April 18, 2012

Virtual Issues
Vol. 7, Iss. 7 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics

Citation
Mikhail Charnotskii, "Common omissions and misconceptions of wave propagation in turbulence: discussion," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 29, 711-721 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?URI=josaa-29-5-711

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References

S. M. Rytov, Yu. A. Kravtsov, and V. I. Tatarskii, Principles of Statistical Radiophysics. 4. Wave Propagation Through Random Media (Springer, 1989).
M. I. Charnotskii, J. Gozani, V. I. Tatarskii, and V. U. Zavorotny, “Wave propagation theories in random media based on the path-integral approach,” in Progress in Optics, Vol. XXXII, E. Wolf, eds. (North-Holland, 1993), pp. 205–268.
V. I. Gelfgat, “Reflection in a scattering medium,” Sov. Phys. Acoust. 22, 65–66 (1976).
V. P. Lukin and M. I. Charnotskii, “The reciprocity principle and adaptive control of optical radiation parameters,” Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 12, 602–605 (1982). [CrossRef]
M. I. Charnotskii, “Asymptotic analysis of finite-beam scintillation in a turbulent medium,” Waves Random Media 4, 243–273 (1994). [CrossRef]
V. P. Lukin and M. I. Charnotskii, “Reverse wave propagation in a randomly-inhomogeneous medium,” Russ. Phys. J. 28, 894–904 (1985).
V. U. Zavorotnyi, “Origin of intensity fluctuations in the image of an incoherent object observed through a turbulent medium,” Opt. Spectrosc. 65, 575–576 (1988).
M. I. Charnotskii, “Turbulence effects on the imaging of an object with a sharp edge: asymptotic technique and aperture-plane statistics,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 13, 1094–1105 (1996). [CrossRef]
M. I. Charnotskii, “Asymptotic analysis of flux fluctuation averaging and finite-size source scintillations in random media,” Waves Random Media 1, 223–243 (1991). [CrossRef]
M. I. Charnotskii, “Coupling turbulence-distorted wave front to fiber: Wave propagation theory perspective,” Proc. SPIE 7814, 78140I1 (2010).
L. C. Andrews, M. A. Al-Habash, C. Y. Hopen, and R. L. Phillips, “Theory of optical scintillation: Gaussian-beam wave model,” Waves Random Media 11, 271–291 (2001).
M. I. Charnotskii, “Coherence of beam arrays propagating in the turbulent atmosphere,” Proc. SPIE 7685, 76850Q (2010). [CrossRef]
V. I. Tatarskii, Wave Propagation in a Turbulent Medium (McGraw-Hill, 1961).
S. M. Wandzura, “Meaning of quadratic structure functions,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 70, 745–747 (1980). [CrossRef]
G. J. Baker, “Gaussian beam weak scintillation: low-order turbulence effects and applicability of the Rytov method,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 23, 395–417 (2006). [CrossRef]
M. I. Charnotskii, “Laser beam propagation in the low-order turbulence: Exact solution,” Proc. SPIE 7324, 734203(2009).
M. I. Charnotskii, “Weak and strong off-axis beam scintillations and beam wander for propagation in turbulence,” Proc. SPIE 7865, 786502 (2010).
M. I. Charnotskii, “Coherence of beam arrays propagating in the turbulent atmosphere,” Proc. SPIE 7685, 76850Q(2010). [CrossRef]
M. I. Charnotskii, “Beam scintillation for the ground-to-space propagation,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 27, 2169–2187(2010). [CrossRef]
M. I. Charnotskii, “Statistics of the point spread function for imaging through turbulence,” Proc. SPIE 8014, 80140W(2011). [CrossRef]
M. I. Charnotskii and G. J. Baker, “Practical calculation of the beam scintillation index based on the rigorous asymptotic propagation theory,” Proc. SPIE 8038, 803804 (2011). [CrossRef]
M. I. Charnotskii, “Superresolution in dewarped anisoplanatic images,” Appl. Opt. 47, 5110–5116 (2008). [CrossRef]
D. L. Fried, “Optical resolution through a randomly inhomogeneous medium for very long and very short exposures,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 1372–1379 (1966). [CrossRef]
D. H. Tofsted, “Reanalysis of turbulence effects on short-exposure passive imaging,” Opt. Eng. 50, 016001 (2011). [CrossRef]
M. I. Charnotskii, “Anisoplanatic short-exposure imaging in turbulence,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 10, 492–501 (1993). [CrossRef]

Al-Habash, M. A.
Andrews, L. C.
Baker, G. J.
Charnotskii, M. I.
Fried, D. L.
Gelfgat, V. I.
Gozani, J.
Hopen, C. Y.
Kravtsov, Yu. A.
Lukin, V. P.
Phillips, R. L.
Rytov, S. M.
Tatarskii, V. I.
Tofsted, D. H.
Wandzura, S. M.
Zavorotny, V. U.
Zavorotnyi, V. U.

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[1] S. M. Rytov, Yu. A. Kravtsov, and V. I. Tatarskii, Principles of Statistical Radiophysics. 4. Wave Propagation Through Random Media (Springer, 1989).

[2] M. I. Charnotskii, J. Gozani, V. I. Tatarskii, and V. U. Zavorotny, “Wave propagation theories in random media based on the path-integral approach,” in Progress in Optics, Vol. XXXII, E. Wolf, eds. (North-Holland, 1993), pp. 205–268.

[3] V. I. Gelfgat, “Reflection in a scattering medium,” Sov. Phys. Acoust. 22, 65–66 (1976).

[4] V. P. Lukin and M. I. Charnotskii, “The reciprocity principle and adaptive control of optical radiation parameters,” Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 12, 602–605 (1982). [CrossRef]

[5] M. I. Charnotskii, “Asymptotic analysis of finite-beam scintillation in a turbulent medium,” Waves Random Media 4, 243–273 (1994). [CrossRef]

[6] V. P. Lukin and M. I. Charnotskii, “Reverse wave propagation in a randomly-inhomogeneous medium,” Russ. Phys. J. 28, 894–904 (1985).

[7] V. U. Zavorotnyi, “Origin of intensity fluctuations in the image of an incoherent object observed through a turbulent medium,” Opt. Spectrosc. 65, 575–576 (1988).

[8] M. I. Charnotskii, “Turbulence effects on the imaging of an object with a sharp edge: asymptotic technique and aperture-plane statistics,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 13, 1094–1105 (1996). [CrossRef]

[9] M. I. Charnotskii, “Asymptotic analysis of flux fluctuation averaging and finite-size source scintillations in random media,” Waves Random Media 1, 223–243 (1991). [CrossRef]

[10] M. I. Charnotskii, “Coupling turbulence-distorted wave front to fiber: Wave propagation theory perspective,” Proc. SPIE 7814, 78140I1 (2010).

[11] L. C. Andrews, M. A. Al-Habash, C. Y. Hopen, and R. L. Phillips, “Theory of optical scintillation: Gaussian-beam wave model,” Waves Random Media 11, 271–291 (2001).

[12] M. I. Charnotskii, “Coherence of beam arrays propagating in the turbulent atmosphere,” Proc. SPIE 7685, 76850Q (2010). [CrossRef]

[13] V. I. Tatarskii, Wave Propagation in a Turbulent Medium (McGraw-Hill, 1961).

[14] S. M. Wandzura, “Meaning of quadratic structure functions,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 70, 745–747 (1980). [CrossRef]

[15] G. J. Baker, “Gaussian beam weak scintillation: low-order turbulence effects and applicability of the Rytov method,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 23, 395–417 (2006). [CrossRef]

[16] M. I. Charnotskii, “Laser beam propagation in the low-order turbulence: Exact solution,” Proc. SPIE 7324, 734203(2009).

[17] M. I. Charnotskii, “Weak and strong off-axis beam scintillations and beam wander for propagation in turbulence,” Proc. SPIE 7865, 786502 (2010).

[18] M. I. Charnotskii, “Coherence of beam arrays propagating in the turbulent atmosphere,” Proc. SPIE 7685, 76850Q(2010). [CrossRef]

[19] M. I. Charnotskii, “Beam scintillation for the ground-to-space propagation,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 27, 2169–2187(2010). [CrossRef]

[20] M. I. Charnotskii, “Statistics of the point spread function for imaging through turbulence,” Proc. SPIE 8014, 80140W(2011). [CrossRef]

[21] M. I. Charnotskii and G. J. Baker, “Practical calculation of the beam scintillation index based on the rigorous asymptotic propagation theory,” Proc. SPIE 8038, 803804 (2011). [CrossRef]

[22] M. I. Charnotskii, “Superresolution in dewarped anisoplanatic images,” Appl. Opt. 47, 5110–5116 (2008). [CrossRef]

[23] D. L. Fried, “Optical resolution through a randomly inhomogeneous medium for very long and very short exposures,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 1372–1379 (1966). [CrossRef]

[24] D. H. Tofsted, “Reanalysis of turbulence effects on short-exposure passive imaging,” Opt. Eng. 50, 016001 (2011). [CrossRef]

[25] M. I. Charnotskii, “Anisoplanatic short-exposure imaging in turbulence,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 10, 492–501 (1993). [CrossRef]

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Common omissions and misconceptions of wave propagation in turbulence: discussion