Abstract

Losses in branched waveguides are often estimated from the overlap between incident and transmitted electric fields, with the effective-index method typically used to reduce the problem to one dimension. We extend this technique to two dimensions by combining the analytical formalism with numerically computed series expansions for the modal fields. The hybrid procedure is simple to use and widely applicable, in particular to those structures for which effective-index theory may fail.

© 1994 Optical Society of America

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