A model of the microstructure of S-1 photocathodes is presented that explains the variation of the quantum yield from 300 to 1200 nm. This model, a refinement of an earlier one, is a three-layered structure, consisting of a base layer ≥30 nm thick with Cs₁₁O₃ -coated (1- to 2-nm thickness) Ag microparticles in a matrix of Cs₂O, a transition layer with Cs₁₁O₃-coated Ag microparticles partly immersed in the Cs₂O and partly protruding into the vacuum, and an upper layer of Cs₁₁O₃-coated Ag microparticles completely in vacuum. This microstructure satisfactorily explains the additional silvering process and superficial oxidation performed on these surfaces. A theoretical calculation of the quantum yield based on a recently reformulated theory of optical absorption of inhomogeneous composite materials by us gives excellent agreement with the experimental data.

© 1985 Optical Society of America

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